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Neuroimaging Technological Advancements for Targeting in Functional Neurosurgery
Alexandre Boutet1,2, Robert Gramer2, Christopher J Steele3,4
1Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports
|May 31, 2019
Summary
Advanced MRI techniques significantly improve visualization of deep brain stimulation targets for movement disorders. Novel imaging reveals optimal targets may include white matter tracts, enhancing surgical precision and patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Neurosurgery
- Neurology
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Deep brain stimulation (DBS) and ablations are key treatments for movement disorders.
- Accurate targeting of central nervous system (CNS) structures is vital for effective DBS therapy.
- Standard MRI often provides suboptimal visualization of functional neurosurgery targets.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advancements in neuroimaging for precise targeting in movement disorder treatments.
- To highlight how new imaging techniques improve visualization of DBS targets.
- To explore novel imaging approaches for optimizing DBS targeting.
Main Methods:
- Review of recent technological advancements in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) for neurosurgery.
- Analysis of dedicated MRI sequences and ultra-high field strength imaging.
- Examination of novel neuroimaging techniques for group-level analysis in DBS patients.
Main Results:
- Dedicated MRI sequences enhance visualization of common DBS targets, even at 1.5-T.
- Ultra-high field strength MRI and new acquisition parameters significantly improve target visualization.
- Novel techniques identify functional network hubs and white matter tracts as potential optimal targets, sometimes differing from conventional nuclei.
Conclusions:
- Neuroimaging advancements offer improved direct visualization for targeting in movement disorders.
- New techniques enable optimization and adjustment of DBS targeting strategies.
- Enhanced visualization and network analysis promise more precise and effective functional neurosurgery.
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