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Malnutrition and sarcopenia.

Cornel C Sieber1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine-Geriatrics, Institute for Biomedicine of Aging (IBA), Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Koberger Strasse 60, 90408, Nuremberg, Germany. cornel.sieber@fau.de.

Aging Clinical and Experimental Research
|June 1, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Malnutrition and sarcopenia are common in older adults, impacting function and increasing mortality. Nutritional interventions, with or without exercise, can prevent or reverse these conditions.

Keywords:
DefinitionFrailtyMalnutritionNutritional treatmentSarcopenia

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Area of Science:

  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Nutritional Science
  • Aging Research

Background:

  • Malnutrition and sarcopenia are prevalent in older adults, leading to functional decline, increased illness, and mortality.
  • Sarcopenia, the age-related loss of muscle mass, is a key factor in physical frailty.
  • Despite its impact, sarcopenia is not routinely diagnosed or treated in geriatric care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the link between malnutrition and sarcopenia in the elderly.
  • To discuss the pathophysiological overlap, including inflamm-aging.
  • To emphasize the potential of nutritional interventions for managing sarcopenia.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current understanding of malnutrition and sarcopenia in older adults.
  • Discussion of shared pathophysiological mechanisms.
  • Analysis of the impact of nutritional interventions and physical activity.

Main Results:

  • Malnutrition and sarcopenia share common pathways, including low-grade inflammation (inflamm-aging).
  • Nutritional interventions, especially when combined with physical activity, show promise in preventing and reversing sarcopenia.
  • Revised definitions and diagnostic codes are expected to improve clinical recognition.

Conclusions:

  • Nutritional interventions are crucial for combating malnutrition and sarcopenia in older adults.
  • Combined nutritional and exercise strategies can improve muscle mass and function.
  • Future treatments, including those for sarcopenic obesity, hold potential for reducing the burden of these conditions.