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Updated: Jan 24, 2026

Imaging Intermediate Filaments and Microtubules with 2-dimensional Direct Stochastic Optical Reconstruction Microscopy
Published on: March 6, 2018
Moments reconstruction and local dynamic range compression of high order superresolution optical fluctuation imaging
Xiyu Yi1,2, Sungho Son3, Ryoko Ando4
1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Abstract:
Super-resolution optical fluctuation imaging (SOFI) offers a simple and affordable alternative to other super-resolution (SR) imaging techniques. The theoretical resolution enhancement of SOFI scales linearly with the order of cumulants, while the imaging conditions exhibit less photo-toxicity to the living samples as compared to other SR methods. High order SOFI could, therefore, be a method of choice for dynamic live cell imaging. However, due to the cusp-artifacts and dynamic range expansion of pixel intensities, this promise has not been materialized as of yet. Here we investigated and compared high order moments vs. high order cumulant SOFI reconstructions. We demonstrate that even-order moments reconstructions are intrinsically free of cusp artifacts, allowing for a subsequent deconvolution operation to be performed, hence enhancing the resolution even further. High order moments reconstruction performance was examined for various (simulated) conditions and applied to (experimental) imaging of QD labeled microtubules in fixed cells, and actin stress fiber dynamics in live cells.
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