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Long-term memory effects on working memory updating development.

Caterina Artuso1, Paola Palladino2

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Children update strong long-term memory (LTM) associations slower than weak ones, regardless of age. Older children show better offline inhibitory control for updating LTM.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Memory Research

Background:

  • Long-term memory (LTM) associations are crucial for cognition.
  • Previous research focused on cognitive processes in memory updating.
  • The role of LTM association strength in developmental updating remains less explored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how LTM association strength (strong vs. weak) affects memory updating across different ages.
  • To examine age-related differences in online and offline inhibitory control during memory updating.
  • To understand the interplay between memory strength, updating processes, and age.

Main Methods:

  • Manipulated the association strength of letter information during encoding.
  • Utilized a task dissociating online and offline inhibition during memory updating.
  • Employed mixed-effects analyses to examine behavioral costs (reaction times).

Main Results:

  • A significant behavioral cost (longer reaction times) was observed when dismantling strong LTM associations online compared to weak ones in primary school children.
  • This sensitivity to association strength during online updating was consistent across children aged 7-10 years.
  • Older children demonstrated enhanced effectiveness in offline inhibitory control.

Conclusions:

  • LTM association strength significantly impacts the efficiency of online memory updating, particularly in children.
  • Age does not appear to influence the sensitivity to association strength during online updating within the studied age range.
  • Developmental improvements are evident in offline inhibitory control related to memory updating.