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[Advances in the development of detection techniques for mycotoxins in vegetable oil]
Shuangqing Li1, Xiaomin Li1, Qinghe Zhang1
1Division of Chemical Metrology and Analytical Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, China.
Abstract:
Mycotoxins are low-molecular-weight secondary metabolites produced by different fungal species, which can cause teratogenic, hepatotoxic, nephrotoxic, carcinogenic, hemorrhagic, and immunosuppressive effects, and damage the reproductive system in humans and other mammals. Mycotoxins are often present at low concentrations in the matrices and present a branch of compounds, homologs, and isomers. Vegetable oil is one of the top mycotoxin-contaminated foods. Vegetable oil contains lipids, fatty acids, and pigments, which have the potential to increase matrix effects and damage instruments. Therefore, the establishment of high-efficient sample pretreatment methods, and highly sensitive and high-throughput detection techniques are big challenges for the accurate determination of various mycotoxins in vegetable oil. In the present study, the current status and development trends of mycotoxin detection methods in different vegetable oils have been reviewed. Different pretreatment methods such as liquid-liquid extraction, solid phase extraction, gel permeation chromatography, dynamic covalent hydrazine chemistry, and QuEChERS are also summarized. Additionally, characteristics of detection techniques such as gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, tandem mass spectrometry, and immunosensors are discussed.
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Overview of Advanced Functional Groups
Functional groups are groups of atoms with specific chemical properties that occur within organic molecules and are sometimes denoted as “R”. Functional groups can “functionalize” a compound by enabling it to adopt different physical and chemical properties.
Types of Advanced Functional Groups
The table below summarizes some of the major functional groups in organic chemistry.
Design Example: Flow of Oil Through Circular Pipes
Sustainable Development

