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Electron density measurements in shock tube using microwave interferometry.

Nesrine Toujani1, Awad Bin Saud Alquaity1, Aamir Farooq1

  • 1King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Clean Combustion Research Center, Physical Science and Engineering Division, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia.

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Summary

A 94 GHz microwave interferometer accurately measured electron densities in shock tube plasmas. This validated technique provides reliable data for thermal ionization and methane combustion studies.

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Area of Science:

  • Plasma physics
  • Combustion chemistry
  • Spectroscopy

Background:

  • Microwave interferometry (MWI) is a nonintrusive diagnostic technique for measuring electron concentrations in plasmas.
  • Accurate electron density measurements are crucial for understanding plasma behavior in various applications, including combustion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize and validate a 94 GHz microwave interferometer for robust electron density measurements.
  • To apply the validated MWI system to study thermal ionization and fuel oxidation in a shock tube.

Main Methods:

  • Characterization and validation of a 94 GHz microwave interferometer using a dielectric material.
  • Measurement of electron densities during thermal ionization of argon and krypton in shock tube experiments.
  • Measurement of electron density time-histories during methane combustion in a shock tube.

Main Results:

  • The MWI system demonstrated reliable performance in measuring electron densities.
  • Measured activation energies for argon and krypton ionization agreed well with theoretical and previous experimental values.
  • Electron density profiles in methane combustion showed a peak at ignition, consistent with pressure measurements and ion chemistry model predictions.

Conclusions:

  • The 94 GHz MWI system is a validated and robust tool for measuring electron densities in thermal and nonthermal plasmas.
  • The study provides valuable experimental data for validating plasma and combustion models.
  • MWI is effective for studying transient phenomena like ignition in combustion processes.