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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Hypercholesterolemia is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases.
  • Effective removal of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is crucial for managing hypercholesterolemia.
  • Current LDL-C apheresis methods can be invasive and costly.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To fabricate and characterize novel poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (P(HEMA)) cryogels immobilized with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH).
  • To evaluate the efficiency of these P(HEMA)-LMWH cryogels in removing LDL-C from hypercholesterolemic human plasma.
  • To assess the blood compatibility and reusability of the developed cryogel adsorbent.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of P(HEMA) cryogels and subsequent immobilization of LMWH.
  • Optimization of heparin immobilization parameters (pH, CNBr concentration, heparin concentration, contact time).
  • LDL-C adsorption experiments using hypercholesterolemic human plasma, followed by adsorption-desorption cycling and blood compatibility tests.

Main Results:

  • Optimized P(HEMA)-LMWH cryogels demonstrated a maximum LDL-C adsorption capacity of 26.7 mg/g, significantly higher than bare P(HEMA) cryogels (1.67 mg/g).
  • The cryogels exhibited excellent reusability, maintaining high adsorption capacity after 10 adsorption-desorption cycles with up to 96% desorption ratio.
  • Blood compatibility tests showed minimal platelet (2.95%) and leucocyte (4.91%) loss, indicating good hemocompatibility.

Conclusions:

  • Immobilized P(HEMA)-LMWH cryogels are effective and reusable adsorbents for LDL-C removal from human plasma.
  • These cryogels present a promising alternative to existing LDL-C apheresis technologies.
  • The developed biomaterial offers potential for managing hypercholesterolemia with improved efficiency and reusability.