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Novel ETV6-RUNX1 Mouse Model to Study the Role of ELF-MF in Childhood B-Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: a Pilot Study

Elena Campos-Sanchez1, Carolina Vicente-Dueñas2, Guillermo Rodríguez-Hernández2,3

  • 1Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Centro de Biologia Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBMSO), CSIC/UAM, Madrid, Spain.

Bioelectromagnetics
|June 4, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MFs) are possibly carcinogenic. A pilot study using a new mouse model showed one exposed mouse developed childhood leukemia, suggesting ELF-MFs may play a role.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental health
  • Oncology
  • Bioelectromagnetics

Background:

  • Extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MFs) are classified as possibly carcinogenic to humans by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), primarily due to limited evidence regarding childhood leukemia.
  • Childhood B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) arises from genetic predisposition and environmental factors, with the ETV6-RUNX1 fusion gene being a common early alteration.
  • Identifying environmental triggers for the secondary genetic alterations leading to B-ALL is crucial for developing prophylactic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the potential role of ELF-MFs in the etiology of childhood B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL).
  • To evaluate the utility of a newly developed Sca1-ETV6-RUNX1 mouse model for studying ELF-MF exposure effects on B-ALL development.

Main Methods:

  • The ARIMMORA pilot study involved exposing 34 Sca1-ETV6-RUNX1 mice to a 50 Hz magnetic field (1.5 mT) for 20 hours/day from conception to 3 months of age.
  • A control group of 27 unexposed Sca1-ETV6-RUNX1 mice was maintained for comparison.
  • Mice were monitored for up to 2 years, with peripheral blood analyzed periodically using flow cytometry.

Main Results:

  • One mouse in the ELF-MF exposed group developed B-ALL, while none of the unexposed control mice did.
  • The observed difference was not statistically significant due to the small sample size in this pilot study.
  • The study demonstrated the feasibility of using the Sca1-ETV6-RUNX1 mouse model for ELF-MF exposure research.

Conclusions:

  • The Sca1-ETV6-RUNX1 mouse model is a viable tool for investigating the impact of ELF-MFs on childhood B-ALL.
  • While not statistically significant, the preliminary finding warrants further investigation into the potential link between ELF-MF exposure and B-ALL development.
  • Further research with larger cohorts is needed to confirm the role of ELF-MFs in childhood leukemia etiology.
Keywords:
ARIMMORA projectcancer susceptibilityexposuremagnetic field

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