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Assessing Working Memory in Children: The Comprehensive Assessment Battery for Children – Working Memory (CABC-WM)
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Short-Term Storage and Executive Working Memory Processing Predict Fluid Intelligence in Primary School Children.

Eva A Aeschlimann1, Annik E Voelke2, Claudia M Roebers3

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland. eva.aeschlimann@psy.unibe.ch.

Journal of Intelligence
|June 5, 2019
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Summary

Working memory aspects, including verbal and visual-spatial storage and processing, significantly relate to fluid intelligence in children. However, visual-spatial processing did not show a unique association with fluid intelligence.

Keywords:
childrencognitive developmentexecutive processingfluid intelligenceintelligenceshort-term storageverbal and visual-spatial working memory

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive psychology
  • Developmental psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Working memory (WM) involves information storage and executive processing.
  • WM is crucial for understanding individual differences in fluid intelligence (Gf).
  • Limited research explores distinct WM aspects' relation to Gf, especially in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate inter-relations among verbal and visual-spatial WM storage and executive processing.
  • Examine the relationship between a general WM factor and Gf.
  • Analyze unique contributions of WM aspects to Gf after controlling for shared variance.

Main Methods:

  • Employed simple and complex span tasks with 9- to 11-year-old children.
  • Utilized correlational analyses and structural equation modeling.
  • Controlled for common variance across all WM tasks.

Main Results:

  • Found substantial positive inter-relations among various WM measures.
  • Confirmed a significant relationship between a general WM factor and Gf.
  • Identified unique contributions of verbal storage, visual-spatial storage, and verbal processing to Gf, but not visual-spatial processing.

Conclusions:

  • WM components are interconnected and contribute to Gf.
  • Specific WM aspects, particularly storage and verbal processing, uniquely predict fluid intelligence in children.
  • Visual-spatial executive processing may not be a unique predictor of Gf in this age group.