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Comparing Business Experts and Novices in Complex Problem Solving.

C Dominik Güss1, Hannah Devore Edelstein2, Ali Badibanga3

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA. dguess@unf.edu.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Business owners excel at complex problem solving (CPS) by being adaptable and flexible. This study supports the adaptability theory, showing experts outperform novices in dynamic business simulations.

Keywords:
adaptabilitycomplex problem solvingcrystallized intelligencedynamic decision makingexpert-novice differencesflexibilityvirtual environment

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Business Management
  • Expertise Research

Background:

  • Business owners constantly face complex problems requiring daily decision-making.
  • Existing theories debate whether experts exhibit rigidity or adaptability in problem-solving.
  • Understanding expertise is crucial for explaining crystallized intelligence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate complex problem solving (CPS) differences between experts and novices.
  • To explore the competing theories of expert-rigidity versus expert-adaptability.
  • To determine which theory better explains crystallized intelligence in a business context.

Main Methods:

  • 140 participants (business owners, business students, psychology students) managed a complex simulated chocolate company.
  • Decisions and system data were recorded via log files.
  • Process analysis examined decision-making strategies and performance.

Main Results:

  • Small business owners demonstrated the highest performance, followed by business and psychology students.
  • Experts allocated more initial time to exploring the complex situation compared to novices.
  • Experts exhibited greater decision flexibility, making more personnel and advertising adjustments.

Conclusions:

  • Adaptability and flexibility are key predictors of performance in complex problem solving.
  • Results support the adaptability/flexibility theory of expertise.
  • Complex business simulations are valuable for research and decision-making training.