Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination02:55

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

95.0K
Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who...
95.0K
Exceptions to the Octet Rule02:55

Exceptions to the Octet Rule

37.3K
Many covalent molecules have central atoms that do not have eight electrons in their Lewis structures. These molecules fall into three categories:
37.3K
Lewis Symbols and the Octet Rule02:36

Lewis Symbols and the Octet Rule

80.4K
Chemical bonds are complex interactions between two or more atoms or ions, which reduce the potential energy of the molecule. Gilbert N. Lewis developed a model called the Lewis model that simplified the depiction of chemical bond formation and provided straightforward explanations for the chemical bonds seen in most common compounds.
80.4K
The Aufbau Principle and Hund's Rule03:02

The Aufbau Principle and Hund's Rule

72.4K
To determine the electron configuration for any particular atom, we can build the structures in the order of atomic numbers. Beginning with hydrogen, and continuing across the periods of the periodic table, we add one proton at a time to the nucleus and one electron to the proper subshell until we have described the electron configurations of all the elements. This procedure is called the aufbau principle, from the German word aufbau (“to build up”). Each added electron occupies the...
72.4K
The Quotient Rule01:30

The Quotient Rule

49
The quotient rule is a fundamental differentiation technique in calculus used to differentiate functions expressed as a ratio of two differentiable functions. Given a function of the form:Where g(x) and h(x) are both differentiable and h(x) ≠ 0, the derivative of f(x) is given by:Example:The quotient rule is beneficial when differentiating rational functions, trigonometric ratios, and exponential functions. For example, given:applying the quotient rule,This rule is essential in solving...
49
Midpoint Rule01:20

Midpoint Rule

55
Approximating areas under curved boundaries is a common problem in applied mathematics, particularly when an exact calculation is difficult or impractical. One effective numerical method for this purpose is the Midpoint Rule, which provides an estimate of the area under a curve by using rectangular approximations over a specified interval.Description of the Midpoint RuleThe Midpoint Rule begins by dividing the given interval into a number of equal subintervals. For each subinterval, the...
55

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Towards a Biologically Defined Diagnosis: Incorporating Pathophysiological Measures Into Parkinson's Disease Clinical Criteria.

Parkinson's disease·2026
Same author

Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Treatment on Risk for Atrial Fibrillation: An Updated Meta-Analysis of 34 Trials including 114,326 Individuals.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2025
Same author

Cognitive function in different motor subtypes of Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis.

Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience·2025
Same author

Training SONAR spatial interpretation using virtual reality.

Cognitive research: principles and implications·2025
Same author

Symmetrical "super learning": Enhancing causal learning using a bidirectional probabilistic outcome.

Journal of experimental psychology. Animal learning and cognition·2025
Same author

Cognitive function in different motor subtypes of Parkinson's disease: A systematic review protocol.

Health science reports·2024
Same journal

Career Adaptability and Academic Achievement Among Chinese High School Students: A Three-Wave Longitudinal Study of Social Cognitive and Metacognitive Mediating Mechanisms.

Journal of Intelligence·2026
Same journal

The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Preservice Science Teachers' Analogical Reasoning: Evidence from Analogy Design.

Journal of Intelligence·2026
Same journal

The Impact of Artificial Intelligence-Supported Instruction on Student Learning in STEM: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Journal of Intelligence·2026
Same journal

Reading and Writing Profiles in Twice-Exceptional Adolescents with Intellectual Giftedness and Dyslexia.

Journal of Intelligence·2026
Same journal

Emotional Intelligence, Self-Regulation, and Children's Well-Being in Fourth-Grade Students: Cross-Sectional Associations from Türkiye.

Journal of Intelligence·2026
Same journal

Detecting Demographic Influences on Measures of Spatial Ability with Rasch Tree Analysis.

Journal of Intelligence·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 23, 2026

An Objective and Reproducible Test of Olfactory Learning and Discrimination in Mice
09:33

An Objective and Reproducible Test of Olfactory Learning and Discrimination in Mice

Published on: March 22, 2018

9.1K

Fluid Abilities and Rule Learning: Patterning and Biconditional Discriminations.

Irina Baetu1, Nicholas R Burns2, Elsa Yu3

  • 1School of Psychology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. irina.baetu@adelaide.edu.au.

Journal of Intelligence
|June 5, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Fluid abilities enhance learning from prior experience with complex stimulus configurations. These cognitive skills promote both flexible configural processing and rule-based generalization in discrimination tasks.

Keywords:
associative learningbiconditional discriminationconfigural processingfluid abilitiespositive and negative patterningrule-based generalization

More Related Videos

High Resolution Quantitative Synaptic Proteome Profiling of Mouse Brain Regions After Auditory Discrimination Learning
10:36

High Resolution Quantitative Synaptic Proteome Profiling of Mouse Brain Regions After Auditory Discrimination Learning

Published on: December 15, 2016

11.0K
Testing for Odor Discrimination and Habituation in Mice
06:41

Testing for Odor Discrimination and Habituation in Mice

Published on: May 5, 2015

18.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 23, 2026

An Objective and Reproducible Test of Olfactory Learning and Discrimination in Mice
09:33

An Objective and Reproducible Test of Olfactory Learning and Discrimination in Mice

Published on: March 22, 2018

9.1K
High Resolution Quantitative Synaptic Proteome Profiling of Mouse Brain Regions After Auditory Discrimination Learning
10:36

High Resolution Quantitative Synaptic Proteome Profiling of Mouse Brain Regions After Auditory Discrimination Learning

Published on: December 15, 2016

11.0K
Testing for Odor Discrimination and Habituation in Mice
06:41

Testing for Odor Discrimination and Habituation in Mice

Published on: May 5, 2015

18.7K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Learning Sciences

Background:

  • Prior experience with configural discrimination tasks improves performance on new, similar tasks.
  • This improvement may stem from increased configural processing or rule generalization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of fluid abilities in enhancing performance on configural discriminations.
  • To determine if fluid abilities mediate the shift towards configural processing or rule generalization.

Main Methods:

  • Three experiments were conducted using patterning and biconditional discrimination tasks.
  • Participants' fluid abilities were assessed.
  • Performance improvements on subsequent discrimination sets were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Fluid abilities significantly predicted performance improvements across all experiments.
  • This effect persisted even when rule-based generalization was not a viable explanation.
  • Fluid abilities also predicted performance on a rule-based transfer test.

Conclusions:

  • Fluid abilities play a crucial role in leveraging past experience for new learning.
  • These abilities facilitate a flexible shift towards configural processing.
  • Fluid abilities also support rule-based generalization, suggesting a dual contribution to learning.