Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization (MALDI)01:08

Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization (MALDI)

1.0K
Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is a powerful analytical technique used in mass spectrometry. It enables the identification and characterization of various biomolecules, including proteins, peptides, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. MALDI is an ionization technique, widely employed in biological and medical research, as well as in fields like pharmacology and biochemistry.The analyte of interest, a biomolecule or a mixture of biomolecules, is mixed with a suitable matrix...
1.0K
Chemical Ionization (CI) Mass Spectrometry01:21

Chemical Ionization (CI) Mass Spectrometry

1.5K
The molecular ion peak of a molecule in the mass spectrum provides vital information for molecular identification. However, conventional electron impact ionization can lead to the rapid dissociation of some molecular ions before they reach the detector. A milder ionization method is required to increase the lifetime of such ionized analyte molecules. Chemical ionization (CI) is a gas-phase protonation reaction useful for mass-analyzing analyte molecules that are easily protonated to yield the...
1.5K
Electrospray Ionization (ESI) Mass Spectrometry01:12

Electrospray Ionization (ESI) Mass Spectrometry

2.2K
Higher molecular weight biomolecules are nonvolatile compounds that may decompose before ionizing or vaporizing during mass analysis with conventional electron impact ionization methods. Accordingly, electrospray ionization (ESI) is the favored method for vaporizing and ionizing biomolecules as it circumvents rapid fragmentation and enables the recording of mass signals for the entire biomolecule.
ESI utilizes electrical energy to transfer ions from the liquid phase of the sample into the...
2.2K
Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

48.9K
Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
48.9K
Ionic Radii03:10

Ionic Radii

33.3K
Ionic radius is the measure used to describe the size of an ion. A cation always has fewer electrons and the same number of protons as the parent atom; it is smaller than the atom from which it is derived. For example, the covalent radius of an aluminum atom (1s22s22p63s23p1) is 118 pm, whereas the ionic radius of an Al3+ (1s22s22p6) is 68 pm. As electrons are removed from the outer valence shell, the remaining core electrons occupying smaller shells experience a greater effective nuclear...
33.3K
Ionic Bonds00:42

Ionic Bonds

129.5K
Overview
When atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration they form ions. Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between ions with opposite charges. Ionic compounds are rigid and brittle when solid and may dissociate into their constituent ions in water. Covalent compounds, by contrast, remain intact unless a chemical reaction breaks them.
Opposing Charges Hold Ions Together in Ionic Compounds
Ionic bonds are reversible electrostatic interactions between ions...
129.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Copper coordination polymer for multifunctional energy applications: hydrogen release, supercapacitor, and oxygen evolution reaction.

RSC advances·2026
Same author

Improved performance of nitrogen-enhanced SrTiO<sub>3</sub> for energy storage devices.

RSC advances·2026
Same author

Advanced materials for flexible and wearable energy storage devices.

RSC advances·2026
Same author

ZrO<sub>2</sub>-embedded nitrogen-doped carbon-derived MOF/COF for supercapacitors.

RSC advances·2026
Same author

Magnetic iron oxide (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>)/carbon nanostructures as cost-effective bifunctional electrodes for energy storage (supercapacitors) and water splitting (OER).

RSC advances·2026
Same author

One-pot encapsulation of penicillin G into ZIF-8 and its antibacterial activity.

RSC advances·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 23, 2026

Whole-body Mass Spectrometry Imaging by Infrared Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption Electrospray Ionization IR-MALDESI
10:47

Whole-body Mass Spectrometry Imaging by Infrared Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption Electrospray Ionization IR-MALDESI

Published on: March 24, 2016

9.9K

Ionic Liquid-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Mass Spectrometry: Matrices, Microextraction, and Separation.

Hani Nasser Abdelhamid1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Assuit University, Assuit 71515, Egypt. hany.abdelhameed@science.au.edu.eg.

Methods and Protocols
|June 6, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Ionic liquids (ILs) are versatile in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS). They serve as matrices and solvents, enhancing analyte extraction, separation, and ionization efficiency for diverse analyses.

Keywords:
extractionionic liquid matricesionic liquidsmatrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization–mass spectrometryseparation

More Related Videos

An Efficient Sample Preparation Method to Enhance Carbohydrate Ion Signals in Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry
07:12

An Efficient Sample Preparation Method to Enhance Carbohydrate Ion Signals in Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry

Published on: July 29, 2018

7.5K
Dithranol as a Matrix for Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Imaging on a Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometer
09:38

Dithranol as a Matrix for Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Imaging on a Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometer

Published on: November 26, 2013

14.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 23, 2026

Whole-body Mass Spectrometry Imaging by Infrared Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption Electrospray Ionization IR-MALDESI
10:47

Whole-body Mass Spectrometry Imaging by Infrared Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption Electrospray Ionization IR-MALDESI

Published on: March 24, 2016

9.9K
An Efficient Sample Preparation Method to Enhance Carbohydrate Ion Signals in Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry
07:12

An Efficient Sample Preparation Method to Enhance Carbohydrate Ion Signals in Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry

Published on: July 29, 2018

7.5K
Dithranol as a Matrix for Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Imaging on a Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometer
09:38

Dithranol as a Matrix for Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Imaging on a Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometer

Published on: November 26, 2013

14.6K

Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Ionic liquids (ILs) offer unique properties like high stability and negligible sublimation.
  • Their application in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) is expanding.
  • ILs can function as matrices, solvents, and pseudo-stationary phases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in the application of ILs with MALDI-MS.
  • To highlight the utility of ILs as matrices, solvents, and pseudo-stationary phases.
  • To summarize the benefits of ILs in various analytical applications.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies employing ILs in MALDI-MS.
  • Analysis of IL properties relevant to LDI-MS, including stability, ionization efficiency, and solvation.
  • Categorization of IL applications based on their role (matrix, solvent, pseudo-stationary phase).

Main Results:

  • ILs demonstrate high stability and ionization efficiency in MALDI-MS.
  • They facilitate extraction and separation of diverse analytes like proteins, lipids, and small molecules.
  • ILs enable reproducible qualitative and quantitative analyses, forming homogenous sample spots.

Conclusions:

  • Ionic liquids are highly effective matrices and solvents for MALDI-MS.
  • Their properties enhance analyte extraction, separation, and ionization across various fields.
  • ILs represent a significant advancement for mass spectrometry-based analyses.