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Related Concept Videos

Obesity01:24

Obesity

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The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
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Drug Dosing: Obese Patients01:21

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In the United States, obesity is a prominent concern. It is linked to heightened mortality rates due to increased occurrences of conditions such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and diabetes compared to nonobese individuals. A patient is classified as obese if their actual body weight surpasses the ideal or desirable body weight by 20%, based on Metropolitan Life Insurance Company data. Ideal body weights consider average weights and heights for males and females...
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Obesity significantly alters the pharmacokinetic processes of drug absorption and distribution, presenting unique challenges in medical treatment. The increased fat tissue and decreased lean muscle in obese individuals can significantly affect how drugs are absorbed into the body and distributed across different tissues. This alteration can lead to variances in the effectiveness and safety of medications, necessitating adjustments in dosing or drug selection for obese patients.One notable...
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Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion01:20

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Drug metabolism, a critical process in the liver, involves two primary phases: Phase I reactions and Phase II conjugation. Obesity introduces significant alterations in this metabolic process, primarily due to fatty infiltration of the liver, leading to conditions such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This condition can modify the activities of both Phase I and II enzymes, impacting how drugs are metabolized in obese patients.Phase I metabolism sees variable effects across...
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Helicobacter pylori, a resilient gram-negative bacterium, can thrive in the stomach's harsh, acidic environment. Infection with H. pylori leads to a cascade of events within the stomach lining. One of the critical disruptions caused by this bacterium is the interference with somatostatin production, a hormone responsible for regulating acid secretion. This interference tips the balance, escalating acid secretion and diminishing bicarbonate levels. This imbalance compromises the defensive...
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Gene Therapy00:59

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Gene therapy is a technique where a gene is inserted into a person’s cells to prevent or treat a serious disease. The added gene may be a healthy version of the gene that is mutated in the patient, or it could be a different gene that inactivates or compensates for the patient’s disease-causing gene. For example, in patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) due to a mutation in the gene for the enzyme adenosine deaminase, a functioning version of the gene can be...
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Updated: Jan 23, 2026

An Acupoint Catgut-embedding Therapy for Treating Obesity
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Why I Treat Obesity.

Adam Gilden Tsai1,2

  • 1Department of Adult Obesity Prevention and Treatment, Care Management Institute, Oakland, CA.

The Permanente Journal
|June 7, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Maintaining significant weight loss involves overcoming physiological challenges like reduced metabolism and increased appetite. Physicians need to address obesity as a chronic disease, understanding these barriers and considering medication options.

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Area of Science:

  • Obesity Medicine
  • Metabolic Adaptations
  • Behavioral Health

Background:

  • Obesity is a complex chronic disease requiring long-term management strategies.
  • Patients experiencing significant weight loss often face physiological challenges that hinder maintenance.
  • Current treatment approaches may not fully address the adaptive changes in metabolism and appetite post-weight loss.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the behavioral strategies employed by a patient to maintain a 25% body weight loss.
  • To highlight the physiological consequences of weight loss, including metabolic adaptation and appetite changes.
  • To advocate for improved physician understanding and treatment of obesity as a chronic condition.

Main Methods:

  • Case narrative presentation of a patient with sustained weight loss.
  • Discussion of physiological changes (metabolic reduction, appetite increase) observed after weight loss.
  • Analysis of behavioral patterns associated with weight maintenance.

Main Results:

  • The patient successfully maintained a 25% reduction in body weight through specific behavioral practices.
  • Significant reductions in resting metabolism were observed, disproportionate to the weight lost.
  • Appetite significantly increased, posing a challenge to weight maintenance.

Conclusions:

  • Effective long-term weight management requires addressing profound physiological adaptations.
  • Physicians must recognize obesity as a chronic disease with persistent metabolic and behavioral challenges.
  • Integrating a deeper understanding of these barriers and considering pharmacotherapy is crucial for successful obesity treatment.