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Related Concept Videos

Relative Risk01:12

Relative Risk

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Relative risk (RR) is a statistical measure commonly used in epidemiology to compare the likelihood of a particular event occurring between two groups. This metric is important for evaluating the relationship between exposure to a specific risk factor and the probability of a particular outcome. It plays a crucial role in medical research, public health studies, and risk assessment. Relative risk quantifies how much more (or less) likely an event is to occur in an exposed group compared to an...
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Asthma-I: Introduction01:29

Asthma-I: Introduction

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory ailment that requires careful management due to its varying symptoms and influencing factors. It is characterized by airway inflammation, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and reversible airflow obstruction, leading to symptoms like wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing. The symptom frequency and intensity may vary considerably over time. It is also linked to immune system responses to allergens and irritants, highlighting the complex...
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Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

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Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
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Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

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Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
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Asthma-III: Symptoms and Complications01:24

Asthma-III: Symptoms and Complications

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Asthma, a common chronic respiratory condition, is classified considering the frequency and severity of symptoms alongside lung function impairment. Understanding this classification is essential for appropriate treatment and management. Here's a detailed look at the classification of asthma and its clinical features and complications:
Classification of Asthma
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Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management01:30

Asthma-IV: Diagnostic and Management

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The diagnosis and management of asthma are comprehensive, encompassing clinical assessments, lung function tests, and pharmacological interventions. Here's an overview:
Clinical Assessment for Asthma:
This is the first step in diagnosing and managing asthma. It includes:
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Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis
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Allergies and Asthma in Relation to Cancer Risk.

Elizabeth D Kantor1,2, Meier Hsu3, Mengmeng Du3

  • 1Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York. kantore@mskcc.org.

Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention : a Publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, Cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology
|June 7, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Allergies and asthma may impact cancer risk, but findings are unclear. This study found asthma linked to higher lung cancer risk, while allergies showed a decreased risk, particularly in white individuals.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Epidemiology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Allergies and asthma, characterized by immunoglobulin E-mediated reactions, have complex associations with cancer risk.
  • Potential mechanisms include enhanced immunosurveillance (decreasing risk) or persistent immune stimulation (increasing risk).
  • Existing research on allergy, asthma, and cancer risk is inconclusive, with limited data on racial/ethnic variations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the associations between allergies, asthma, and the risk of developing invasive cancers.
  • To examine if these associations differ across racial and ethnic groups.

Main Methods:

  • The Southern Community Cohort Study cohort (64,170 participants) was used, with baseline data from 2002-2009.
  • Participants reported allergy and asthma history; follow-up extended to 2011, identifying 3,628 incident cancers.
  • Cox proportional hazards regression models estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for multiple variables.

Main Results:

  • Neither allergies nor asthma showed an association with overall invasive cancer risk.
  • Asthma was linked to a higher risk of lung cancer (HR: 1.25; 95% CI: 1.00-1.57), with no significant racial/ethnic differences.
  • Allergies were associated with a decreased risk of lung cancer (HR: 0.80; 95% CI: 0.65-1.00), primarily driven by an inverse association in non-Hispanic whites (HR: 0.65; 95% CI: 0.45-0.94).

Conclusions:

  • No significant associations were found between allergies, asthma, and the risk of overall, breast, or prostate cancer.
  • Asthma is associated with an increased risk of lung cancer, whereas allergies are associated with a decreased risk, particularly among non-Hispanic whites.
  • Further investigation in diverse populations is warranted to confirm these lung cancer associations.