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PRO-OXIDANTS AND ANTIOXIDANTS IN RETINOPATHY OF PREMATURITY

Lidija Banjac1, Goran Banjac1, Jelena Kotur-Stevuljević1

  • 11Department of Neonatology, Clinical Center of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro; 2Institute of Children's Diseases, Clinical Center of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro; 3Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia; 4Narodni front Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Belgrade, Serbia.

Acta Clinica Croatica
|June 7, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Premature infants with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) show higher levels of oxidative stress markers, specifically total oxidative status (TOS) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Antioxidant markers like total antioxidant status (TAS) and paraoxonase 1 (PON1) were not significantly different.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatology
  • Ophthalmology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Premature infants face significant health risks, including oxidative stress.
  • Oxidative stress, an imbalance of pro-oxidants and antioxidants, is linked to neonatal diseases like retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).
  • Phase 2 ROP typically manifests around 33 postmenstrual weeks (pmw).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the pro-oxidant and antioxidant status in preterm infants at 33 pmw.
  • To identify reliable biomarkers for oxidative stress in this vulnerable population.

Main Methods:

  • Spectrophotometric determination of total oxidative status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity.
  • Inclusion of 59 preterm infants, classified for ROP severity.
  • Comparative analysis between infants with and without ROP.

Main Results:

  • Infants with ROP exhibited significantly elevated levels of TOS and MDA compared to those without ROP (p<0.05).
  • No significant differences were observed in TAS and PON1 activity between the ROP and non-ROP groups.
  • TOS and MDA demonstrated effectiveness as indicators of oxidative stress.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated TOS and MDA levels are indicative of heightened oxidative stress in preterm infants with ROP at 33 pmw.
  • TAS and PON1 activity appear to be unreliable markers for assessing antioxidant capacity in this context.
  • These findings highlight the utility of TOS and MDA for monitoring oxidative stress in preterm neonates.

Keywords:
AntioxidantsInfant, prematureOxidative stressReactive oxygen speciesRetinopathy of prematurity

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