Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Self-Schemas02:16

Self-Schemas

35.4K
In general, a schema is a mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts (Bartlett, 1932). There are many different types of schemata, and they all have one thing in common: schemata are a method of organizing information that allows the brain to work more efficiently. When a schema is activated, the brain makes immediate assumptions about the person or object being observed.
35.4K
Schemas01:42

Schemas

12.3K
A schema is a mental construct consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts (Bartlett, 1932). There are many different types of schemata, and they all have one thing in common: schemata are a method of organizing information that allows the brain to work more efficiently. When a schema is activated, the brain makes immediate assumptions about the person or object being observed.
12.3K
Impact of Schemas01:30

Impact of Schemas

197
Schemas are cognitive structures that provide a framework for interpreting and organizing social information. They help individuals navigate complex environments by offering expectations about people, events, and behaviors. Schemas influence attention, encoding, and retrieval processes, thereby shaping the entire trajectory of information processing in social contexts.Attention and Cognitive LoadDuring initial attention, schemas function as filters that prioritize schema-consistent information,...
197
System of Memory01:23

System of Memory

7.3K
Memory is categorized into three major systems: sensory memory, short-term memory (STM), and long-term memory (LTM). These systems differ in their capacity and the duration for which they can hold information. Sensory memory captures raw sensory input from the environment, holding it for just a few seconds or less. For example, on hearing a brief, loud sound, like a car horn honking, the sound seems to linger in the mind for a moment even after it stops. This is an instance of sensory memory...
7.3K
Working Memory01:24

Working Memory

839
Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this...
839
Long-Term Memory01:18

Long-Term Memory

663
Long-term memory is a relatively permanent type of memory, capable of storing vast amounts of information over extended periods. Its storage capacity is generally considered unlimited.
Long-term memory can be categorized into two primary types: explicit and implicit memory. Explicit memory, also known as declarative memory, involves the conscious recollection of information that we deliberately try to remember, recall, and articulate. This type of memory encompasses specific facts, events, and...
663

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Age-related differences in motor learning, sensorimotor neurochemistry, and cortical reactivity co-occur but are dissociated.

Neurobiology of aging·2026
Same author

Youth Soccer Participation and Brain Health Outcomes in Adolescent Athletes.

JAMA network open·2026
Same author

Motor cortical areas facilitate schema-mediated integration of new motor information into memory.

Imaging neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.)·2026
Same author

Longitudinal associations between 24-hour movement behaviours and cognitive function in adults aged 55 and above.

Journal of activity, sedentary and sleep behaviors·2026
Same author

Age-specific relationship between the modulation of brain dynamics in response to task demands and bimanual performance.

Aging·2026
Same author

The role of glutathione in cognition, cognitive effort, and cognitive endurance in young and older adults.

Frontiers in aging neuroscience·2026
Same journal

A Field Experiment Testing Whether Accountability Reduces Racial Gaps in Performance Evaluations.

Psychological science·2026
Same journal

Does Testosterone Affect Cognitive Reflection? Evidence From a Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Study of 1,000 Participants.

Psychological science·2026
Same journal

Does Overconfidence Really Confer Adaptive Benefits to Children's Learning?

Psychological science·2026
Same journal

How Does the Mind Grow? Cross-Cultural Intuitive Theories of Mental Development.

Psychological science·2026
Same journal

Not All Practice Is Created Equal: Longitudinal Evidence From Over 40,000 Chess Players.

Psychological science·2026
Same journal

Eye Glint as a Novel Perceptual Cue in Human Vision.

Psychological science·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 23, 2026

Measuring Neural Mechanisms Underlying Sleep-Dependent Memory Consolidation During Naps in Early Childhood
08:20

Measuring Neural Mechanisms Underlying Sleep-Dependent Memory Consolidation During Naps in Early Childhood

Published on: October 2, 2019

12.5K

Schema and Motor-Memory Consolidation.

Bradley R King1,2, Nina Dolfen1,2, Mareike A Gann1,2

  • 11 Department of Movement Sciences, Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, KU Leuven.

Psychological Science
|June 8, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New motor learning is faster when it fits existing knowledge, especially after overnight memory consolidation. This research explores how prior motor memory accelerates new skill acquisition.

Keywords:
integrationmemory consolidationmotor sequence learningschema

More Related Videos

Eye Tracking, Cortisol, and a Sleep vs. Wake Consolidation Delay: Combining Methods to Uncover an Interactive Effect of Sleep and Cortisol on Memory
08:08

Eye Tracking, Cortisol, and a Sleep vs. Wake Consolidation Delay: Combining Methods to Uncover an Interactive Effect of Sleep and Cortisol on Memory

Published on: June 18, 2014

27.5K
Motor and Hippocampal Dependent Spatial Learning and Reference Memory Assessment in a Transgenic Rat Model of Alzheimer's Disease with Stroke
09:45

Motor and Hippocampal Dependent Spatial Learning and Reference Memory Assessment in a Transgenic Rat Model of Alzheimer's Disease with Stroke

Published on: March 22, 2016

10.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 23, 2026

Measuring Neural Mechanisms Underlying Sleep-Dependent Memory Consolidation During Naps in Early Childhood
08:20

Measuring Neural Mechanisms Underlying Sleep-Dependent Memory Consolidation During Naps in Early Childhood

Published on: October 2, 2019

12.5K
Eye Tracking, Cortisol, and a Sleep vs. Wake Consolidation Delay: Combining Methods to Uncover an Interactive Effect of Sleep and Cortisol on Memory
08:08

Eye Tracking, Cortisol, and a Sleep vs. Wake Consolidation Delay: Combining Methods to Uncover an Interactive Effect of Sleep and Cortisol on Memory

Published on: June 18, 2014

27.5K
Motor and Hippocampal Dependent Spatial Learning and Reference Memory Assessment in a Transgenic Rat Model of Alzheimer's Disease with Stroke
09:45

Motor and Hippocampal Dependent Spatial Learning and Reference Memory Assessment in a Transgenic Rat Model of Alzheimer's Disease with Stroke

Published on: March 22, 2016

10.7K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Motor Learning

Background:

  • Memory consolidation can be accelerated by integrating new information with pre-existing knowledge.
  • Previous studies focused on declarative and perceptual systems for fast memory integration.
  • The role of pre-existing motor memories in accelerating new motor learning remains less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of experimentally acquired motor memory on the learning of new motor information.
  • To determine if a compatible framework of previously acquired memory enhances new motor information integration.
  • To explore the underlying mechanisms and conditions for accelerated motor learning.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a motor-sequence-learning paradigm with a unique manipulation.
  • Experimentally acquired motor memory and assessed its impact on learning new motor sequences.
  • Controlled for explicit awareness of the sequence and the overnight consolidation of prior memory.

Main Results:

  • New motor information is rapidly integrated into memory within a compatible framework of previously acquired memory.
  • This enhanced integration is dependent on the ordinal representation of the motor sequence.
  • The effect was observed only when the prior motor memory was consolidated overnight and not explained by explicit awareness.

Conclusions:

  • Pre-existing motor memories, when consolidated, can significantly accelerate the learning and consolidation of new motor information.
  • The findings support the schema model of memory consolidation in the context of motor learning.
  • Motor experience plays a crucial role in enhancing the efficiency of acquiring new motor skills.