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Frontiers of Pluripotency.

Alejandro De Los Angeles1

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. alejandro.delosangeles@yale.edu.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|June 9, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Human pluripotent stem cells exist in various states, not just two. Research explores this continuum, especially for creating human-animal chimeras and understanding stem cell potential.

Keywords:
Formative pluripotencyInterspecies chimerasNaïve pluripotencyNaïve pluripotentPluripotencyPluripotent stem cellsPrimed pluripotencyPrimed pluripotent stem cellsStem cells

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Reproductive Biology

Background:

  • Pluripotent stem cells (PS cells) in early embryos can form all human cell types.
  • Laboratory conditions allow indefinite sustainment of PS cell pluripotency.
  • Pluripotency is now understood as a spectrum of cellular states, not a single entity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evolving understanding of the pluripotent stem cell continuum.
  • To examine the scientific value of studying PS cell states for interspecies chimera generation.
  • To clarify the classification of human pluripotent states in relation to chimera competence.

Main Methods:

  • Review of historical and recent advances in pluripotent stem cell research.
  • Analysis of molecular criteria for classifying pluripotent states.
  • Examination of findings from human-interspecies chimera research.

Main Results:

  • Historically, pluripotency was viewed as two states: naïve and primed.
  • Discovery of multiple alternative PS cell states challenges the binary model of pluripotency.
  • Current molecular markers for human naïve-like pluripotency may not equate to chimera competence.

Conclusions:

  • The concept of pluripotency as a binary property is challenged by a spectrum of states.
  • Further research is needed to understand human pluripotent states and their potential for chimera formation.
  • The continuum of pluripotency is crucial for advancing stem cell applications and interspecies chimera studies.