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The subclavian artery transitions into the axillary artery as it exits the chest and enters the axillary region. This artery is critical for supplying blood to the shoulder area, including the head of the humerus, through the humeral circumflex arteries. As the vessel continues into the upper arm or brachium, it becomes the brachial artery. This artery plays a key role in vascularizing the brachial region and bifurcates at the elbow into several branches. These branches include the deep...
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Updated: Jan 23, 2026

Author Spotlight: Enhancing Post-Stroke Upper Limb Rehabilitation with Robotic Technologies for Improved Motor Recovery and Functional Outcomes
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A software for testing and training visuo-motor coordination for upper limb control.

Anderson Souza Oliveira1, Carina Østervig Andersen2, Cathrine Brix Grimstrup2

  • 1Department of Materials and Production, Aalborg University., Fibigerstræde 16, building 4, DK-9220 Aalborg E, Denmark.

Journal of Neuroscience Methods
|June 9, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces NeuroMaze, a software tool for motor function improvement. NeuroMaze stimulates brain activity during speed-accuracy tradeoff tasks, showing potential for upper limb rehabilitation.

Keywords:
Clinical rehabilitationEEGNeuroplasticitySpeed-Accuracy tradeoffmotor control

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Motor Control
  • Rehabilitation Technology

Background:

  • Methods to accelerate motor function improvements are crucial for clinical practice.
  • The NeuroMaze software was developed to specifically stimulate speed-accuracy tradeoff.
  • This study investigates brain activity changes during motor tasks using NeuroMaze.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe brain activity changes during motor tasks executed with the NeuroMaze software.
  • To evaluate the NeuroMaze's ability to elicit speed-accuracy tradeoff.
  • To explore the potential of NeuroMaze in upper limb rehabilitation.

Main Methods:

  • Eleven healthy young individuals participated in a single experimental session.
  • Participants performed mouse-controlled tasks involving moving a square across paths of varying widths (2 cm, 1.5 cm, 1 cm).
  • Mouse cursor speed and scalp electroencephalography (EEG) from frontal, somatosensory, and motor areas were recorded.

Main Results:

  • Mouse speed decreased significantly with narrower paths (15% for intermediate, 48% for narrow).
  • Narrower paths led to increased beta EEG relative power in the frontal area.
  • Narrower paths resulted in reduced gamma EEG relative power in motor/sensorimotor areas.

Conclusions:

  • NeuroMaze effectively elicits speed-accuracy tradeoff during motor tasks.
  • The software stimulates brain areas involved in motor planning, sensory feedback, and execution.
  • NeuroMaze shows promise for inducing adaptations in patients undergoing upper limb rehabilitation.