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Multiparameter MRI quantification of microstructural tissue alterations in multiple sclerosis.

Emilie Lommers1, Jessica Simon2, Gilles Reuter3

  • 1GIGA - CRC in vivo Imaging, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium; Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit, Neurology Department, CHU Liège, Belgium.

Neuroimage. Clinical
|June 9, 2019
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Quantitative MRI reveals microstructural changes in normal-appearing brain tissue of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. These multiparametric MRI findings correlate with clinical status, suggesting reduced myelin or iron content.

Keywords:
Histological MRIMultiple sclerosisQuantitative MRIRelaxometry

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Radiology
  • Medical Physics

Background:

  • Conventional MRI often fails to detect subtle pathological changes in normal-appearing brain tissue (NABT) in multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • Quantitative MRI (qMRI) offers advanced techniques to probe brain microstructure.
  • Multiparameter mapping (MPM) allows simultaneous quantification of key imaging parameters.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess differences in NABT microstructure between MS patients and healthy controls (HC) using qMRI and MPM.
  • To investigate the relationship between qMRI parameters and clinical status in MS patients.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cross-sectional study included 36 MS patients and 36 age-matched HC.
  • qMRI maps of magnetization transfer (MT) saturation, R2*, and R1 were computed.
  • Differences in qMRI parameters were analyzed in normal-appearing grey and white matter, and lesions, using MANOVAs and stepwise regressions.

Main Results:

  • MS patients showed decreased MT, R2*, and R1 in normal-appearing cortical grey matter (NACGM) and white matter (NAWM).
  • In normal-appearing deep grey matter (NADGM), MT decreased, but R2* and R1 remained normal.
  • qMRI parameters independently predicted clinical status, including EDSS, motor score, and cognitive function.

Conclusions:

  • Multiparametric MRI data reflect brain microstructure alterations in MS NABT.
  • These findings suggest a diffuse reduction in myelin and/or iron content in the brains of MS patients.
  • qMRI parameters are valuable biomarkers for predicting clinical performance in MS.