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Effects of novel antidiabetes agents on apoptotic processes in diabetes and malignancy: Implications for lowering

Habib Yaribeygi1, Fadel Lhaf2, Thozhukat Sathyapalan2

  • 1Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran.

Life Sciences
|June 10, 2019
PubMed

Insights

This review explores how new anti-diabetic drugs, including SGLT2 inhibitors, GLP-1 RAs, and DPP-4 inhibitors, may affect apoptosis. Understanding these effects could reduce tissue damage in diabetes and potentially impact cancer cell apoptosis.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Science
  • Molecular Biology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is a complex intracellular signaling process.
  • Diabetes mellitus often leads to tissue injury due to accelerated apoptosis.
  • Existing anti-hyperglycemic agents may influence apoptosis, but novel drug effects are unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the impact of novel anti-hyperglycemic agents on apoptosis in diabetic conditions.
  • To investigate the effects of these agents on apoptosis in cancer cells.
  • To synthesize current knowledge on the anti-apoptotic potential of SGLT2 inhibitors, GLP-1 RAs, and DPP-4 inhibitors.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of published studies.
  • Analysis of data on apoptosis modulation by specific drug classes.
  • Focus on sodium glucose cotransporters-2 inhibitors, glucagon like peptide-1 receptor agonists, and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors.

Main Results:

  • The influence of novel anti-hyperglycemic agents on diabetes-induced apoptosis is not well-established.
  • These novel drug classes demonstrate potent anti-hyperglycemic effects.
  • Potential modulation of apoptosis in both diabetic tissues and cancer cells warrants further investigation.

Conclusions:

  • Novel anti-hyperglycemic agents may offer therapeutic benefits beyond glucose control by influencing apoptosis.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the role of SGLT2 inhibitors, GLP-1 RAs, and DPP-4 inhibitors in managing diabetic complications and cancer.
  • Understanding these mechanisms could lead to improved therapeutic strategies for diabetes and related conditions.
Keywords:
ApoptosisCancerCaspaseDPP-4 inhibitorDiabetes mellitusGLP-1 receptor agonistOxidative stressSGLT2 inhibitor

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