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Updated: Jan 23, 2026

Examining Recall Memory in Infancy and Early Childhood Using the Elicited Imitation Paradigm
Published on: April 28, 2016
Viral exanthems in children: A great imitator
Nicole Knöpfel1, Lucero Noguera-Morel2, Irene Latour2
1Department of Pediatric Dermatology, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Department of Dermatology, University Children's Hospital Niño Jesús, Madrid, Spain.
Abstract:
Viral exanthems are frequent in children and are mostly self-limited. Early recognition and differentiation from other childhood illnesses are important to direct further investigations and treatment initiation. The clinical presentation of viral exanthems in children includes a polymorphic spectrum of skin eruptions ranging from classic viral exanthems to "atypical" presentations that can mimic nonviral diseases; thus, viral exanthems of childhood can be readily diagnosed on clinical grounds, but not rarely do they represent a diagnostic challenge. In this review, we focus on viral diseases in children that may be difficult to diagnose due to their clinical similarities with nonviral diseases, and we offer clues for the differential diagnosis and proper diagnostic testing in such cases.
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