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Related Concept Videos

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
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PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
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Self-concept is the cognitive and emotional understanding individuals hold about their identity. It evolves through various developmental stages, beginning in infancy and maturing as children grow. This concept influences how individuals perceive their abilities, interact with others, and manage challenges throughout life.
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Coding or Noncoding, the Converging Concepts of RNAs.

Jing Li1, Changning Liu1

  • 1CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resource and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.

Frontiers in Genetics
|June 11, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Recent advances reveal RNA

Keywords:
coding potentiallong noncoding RNAmessenger RNAmicropeptideribosome profiling

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Technological progress has illuminated RNA's intricate nature.
  • Discovery of peptides from long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and regulatory roles of mRNA non-coding regions add complexity.
  • RNA's functions are multifaceted, extending beyond traditional protein-coding roles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current evidence on the dual roles of RNA molecules.
  • To explore RNA's coding and non-coding potentials.
  • To discuss the impact of emerging RNA roles on gene expression and evolution.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent scientific publications.
  • Synthesis of evidence on RNA coding and non-coding functions.
  • Analysis of the implications for gene expression and evolutionary studies.

Main Results:

  • RNA molecules exhibit dual roles, possessing both coding and non-coding potentials.
  • Non-coding RNAs, including lncRNAs, have significant regulatory functions.
  • Emerging roles of RNA challenge and expand our understanding of biological processes.

Conclusions:

  • RNA's complexity is far greater than previously understood.
  • The dual coding and non-coding nature of RNA is a key area of current research.
  • Understanding these roles is crucial for advancing gene expression and evolutionary biology.