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Multiple purpose central venous access in infants less than 1,000 grams
B W Warner1, P Gorgone, S Schilling
1Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, OH 45267.
Journal of Pediatric Surgery
|September 1, 1987
Summary
Central venous catheters in low birthweight infants show low sepsis rates but high mechanical issues. Broviac catheters offer safe, long-term access for infants under 1,000g with careful technique.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal Medicine
- Pediatric Surgery
- Infectious Disease
Background:
- Central venous catheters (CVCs) are vital for low birthweight infants but carry risks.
- Infectious and mechanical complications are significant concerns with CVC use in neonates.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the incidence of catheter-related sepsis and mechanical malfunction.
- To assess the safety and efficacy of Broviac catheters in infants weighing less than 1,000 grams.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 22 Broviac catheter placements in 20 infants (<1,000g) from 1981-1984.
- Analysis of catheter days, sepsis rates, and types of mechanical complications.
Main Results:
- Two cases (9%) of primary catheter sepsis were observed.
- Six catheters (27%) experienced mechanical complications, including breaks and thrombosis.
- Catheter-related sepsis incidence was acceptably low, with minimal infant morbidity from mechanical issues.
Conclusions:
- Broviac catheters provide safe, multipurpose, long-term central venous access for very low birthweight infants.
- Improving surgical technique and postoperative care can reduce mechanical catheter malfunctions.