S-100β in chronic subdural haematoma: Prospective cohort study

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Biomarkers
• Neurosurgery

Background:

• Chronic subdural haematoma (CSDH) is classified as neurotrauma, though trauma history is often mild or absent.
• Serum S-100β is a known biomarker for acute neurotrauma prognosis.
• S-100β levels in CSDH fluid have not been previously studied.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate S-100β levels in serum and CSDH fluid.
• To determine if S-100β in CSDH fluid correlates with clinical factors or outcomes.
• To explore potential non-traumatic sources of elevated S-100β in CSDH.

Main Methods:

• Prospective cohort study of 86 patients undergoing surgical drainage for CSDH.
• Measurement of serum and CSDH fluid S-100β levels.
• Correlation analysis with clinical data, including Markwalder Grade, midline shift, and CSDH volume.

Main Results:

• CSDH fluid S-100β (0.9 ± 0.6 μg/L) was significantly higher than serum S-100β (0.33 ± 0.05 μg/L).
• CSDH fluid S-100β correlated with midline shift and CSDH volume.
• No significant association was found between CSDH fluid S-100β and demographic factors, comorbidities, or outcomes.

Conclusions:

• Elevated S-100β in CSDH fluid suggests potential non-traumatic intracranial mechanisms.
• CSDH fluid S-100β levels approach those seen in poor-prognosis acute neurotrauma.
• S-100β may not be a specific biomarker for trauma or functional outcome in CSDH.