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Periventricular White Matter Lesions Influence Gait Functions in Parkinson's Disease
Kunio Toda1, Mutsumi Iijima2, Kazuo Kitagawa1
1Department of Neurology, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Objective:
We quantitatively evaluated the gait of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients over a 10-m course during normal walking and during dual-task walking while performing a calculation task, and clarified which parts of white matter lesions (WML) influence gait in PD patients.
Methods:
Gait parameters, including walking speed, gait cycle, stride length, and left-right instability, were measured in 64 PD patients and 20 controls who walked 10 m with normal gait and as they were performing a calculation task. WML on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of PD patients were scored according to Scheltens' criteria, and associations with gait parameters were investigated.
Results:
Compared to controls, the PD group showed decreased walking speed and narrowed stride (p < 0.05), and the stride length and step time coefficient of variation changed significantly during the calculation task (p < 0.001). Frontal lobe functions correlated positively with walking speed and stride during the calculation task in patients with PD (p < 0.05). The total score for periventricular hyperintensity (PVH) on MRI correlated with walking speed and stride (p < 0.01). Multiple regression analysis revealed significant correlations between walking speed and frontal cap of PVH, and between stride and occipital cap (p < 0.05).
Conclusion:
Gait of PD patients deteriorated not only due to motor dysfunction but also due to mental burden in association with frontal lobe function and periventricular lesions of cerebral white matter.