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Thermal tolerance patterns across latitude and elevation.

Jennifer Sunday1, Joanne M Bennett2,3, Piero Calosi4

  • 11 Department of Biology, McGill University , 1205 Doctor Penfield Avenue, Montreal, Canada H3A 1B1.

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences
|June 18, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Species

Keywords:
Climate Extremes Hypothesiscritical thermal tolerancemacrophysiologyphysiological diversitythermal tolerance limits

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Understanding how species' traits vary with environmental gradients is key to predicting evolutionary processes and responses to climate change.
  • Thermal tolerance is a critical trait influencing species distribution and survival.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how heat and cold tolerance in ectotherms and endotherms vary with latitude, elevation, and climate extremes.
  • To account for methodological variations in studies of thermal tolerance.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an extensive global dataset of ectotherm and endotherm thermal tolerance limits.
  • Analyzed thermal tolerance in relation to latitude, elevation, and extreme daily temperatures.
  • Statistically controlled for variations in acclimation temperature, ramping rate, and exposure duration.

Main Results:

  • Previously reported latitudinal relationships for ectotherm thermal limits were confirmed.
  • Heat tolerance declined with latitude in terrestrial, freshwater, and marine ectotherms, with steeper declines in aquatic environments.
  • Cold tolerance declined with latitude and elevation across various ectotherm realms.
  • Both upper and lower thermal tolerance limits increased with extreme daily temperatures across all realms.

Conclusions:

  • Differences in thermal limits across Earth's realms are largely explained by experienced climate extremes.
  • Findings update global macrophysiological rules and support the Climate Extremes Hypothesis.
  • Accounting for methodological variations enhances the robustness of thermal tolerance studies.