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Updated: Jan 23, 2026

A Standardized Liquid Biopsy Preanalytical Protocol for Downstream Circulating-Free DNA Applications
Published on: September 16, 2022
Evolution of the Liquid Biopsy in Metastatic Prostate Cancer
Jose G Moreno1, Leonard G Gomella2
1Department of Urology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; MidLantic Urology, LLC, Pottstown, PA.
Abstract:
We reviewed the literature for the biologic, prognostic, and predictive significance of circulating prostate cancer tumor cells (CTCs), and circulating tumor DNA in the blood of metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer patients. CTCs demonstrate robust prognostic value independent of PSA in predicting overall survival. The CTC androgen receptor variant receptor 7 phenotype predicts resistance to androgen receptor synthesis inhibitors and sensitivity to taxane based chemotherapy in metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer patients who are candidates for second line therapy. Research is rapidly pivoting toward circulating tumor DNA analysis because the approach is sensitive, prognostic, cost effective, and it can elucidate mechanisms of systemic therapy.
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