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Updated: Jan 23, 2026

Dissecting Innate Immune Signaling in Viral Evasion of Cytokine Production
Published on: March 2, 2014
A Model for Apoptotic-Cell-Mediated Adaptive Immune Evasion via CD80-CTLA-4 Signaling
Abraam M Yakoub1, Stefan Schülke2
1Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States.
Abstract:
Apoptotic cells carry a plethora of self-antigens but they suppress eliciting of innate and adaptive immune responses to them. How apoptotic cells evade and subvert adaptive immune responses has been elusive. Here, we propose a novel model to understand how apoptotic cells regulate T cell activation in different contexts, leading mostly to tolerogenic responses, mainly via taking control of the CD80-CTLA-4 coinhibitory signal delivered to T cells. This model may facilitate understanding of the molecular mechanisms of autoimmune diseases associated with dysregulation of apoptosis or apoptotic cell clearance, and it highlights potential therapeutic targets or strategies for treatment of multiple immunological disorders.
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