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A Medication Adherence App for Children With Sickle Cell Disease: Qualitative Study
Kristina Curtis1,2, Anastasiya Lebedev3, Elisa Aguirre4,5
1Health Behaviour and Interventions Research, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom.
JMIR Mhealth and Uhealth
|June 20, 2019
Summary
Young people with sickle cell disease (SCD) need better tools for managing their condition. This study developed a theory-based mobile app to improve medication adherence by addressing memory, motivation, and social barriers.
Area of Science:
- Digital health interventions
- Adolescent health
- Chronic disease management
Background:
- Young individuals with sickle cell disease (SCD) often struggle with medication adherence and self-management.
- Mobile health (mHealth) offers a promising avenue for improving adherence, yet few evidence-based apps exist for SCD.
- Existing apps lack research grounding and theoretical frameworks tailored to the target population.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a mobile application grounded in theory and evidence to enhance medication adherence in children and adolescents with SCD.
- To create a supportive digital tool that addresses the unique challenges faced by young SCD patients.
Main Methods:
- Utilized the Behavior Change Wheel (BCW) framework for intervention design.
- Conducted a literature review and 10 interviews with adolescents (12-18 years) with SCD.
- Employed thematic analysis of interview data to identify barriers and enablers for adherence.
Main Results:
- Identified key barriers including memory lapses (capability), variable beliefs and confidence (motivation), time constraints, and social support issues (opportunity).
- Selected behavior change techniques (BCTs) such as prompts, self-monitoring, and social support.
- Translated BCTs into app features to overcome identified adherence barriers.
Conclusions:
- Sickle cell disease (SCD) presents complex adherence challenges requiring comprehensive behavior change models.
- Adolescents with SCD need apps that go beyond simple reminders, incorporating beliefs, emotions, and environmental factors.
- The developed app aims to provide a holistic approach to medication adherence for young SCD patients.
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