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Poor work ability increases sickness absence over 10 years.

L Palmlöf1, E Skillgate1,2, M Talbäck1

  • 1Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Poor physical and mental work ability predict long-term sickness absence over 10 years, with increased risk in older employees. This highlights the importance of assessing work ability for predicting employee absence.

Keywords:
Mental healthphysical healthwork ability indexwork absenteeism

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Limited understanding of how individual Work Ability Index (WAI) items predict long-term sickness absence.
  • Need to explore age-related variations in the risk of sickness absence based on work ability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if poor self-perceived physical and mental work ability are linked to long-term sickness absence over a decade.
  • To investigate this association within the Swedish public sector workforce.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective cohort study of Swedish public sector employees.
  • Assessed physical and mental work ability using two WAI items (2000-2003).
  • Tracked long-term sickness absence (≥28 days) via national registers (2003-2012), analyzing by age strata.

Main Results:

  • Lower physical work ability significantly increased long-term sickness absence risk across all ages.
  • Risk estimates for physical work ability were higher in older age groups, reaching a 6-fold increase in the oldest.
  • Poor mental work ability also elevated risk, with nearly a 4-fold increase in the oldest age group.

Conclusions:

  • Self-reported poor physical and mental work ability are significant predictors of subsequent 10-year long-term sickness absence.
  • The association between poor work ability and sickness absence intensifies with increasing age.