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Related Concept Videos

Spongy Bone01:09

Spongy Bone

7.7K
All bones comprise an outer layer of compact bone, and an interior made up of spongy bone tissue, also called cancellous or trabecular bone. In long bones, spongy bone tissue is mainly found in the interior of the epiphyses (broad ends of the bone).
Spongy bone is more porous, and less dense compared to compact bone. It is composed of concentric lamellae that are arranged irregularly to form the trabecular network. In some bones, the spaces between trabeculae contain red marrow, where...
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Compact Bone01:27

Compact Bone

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Most bones contain compact and spongy osseous tissue, but their distribution and concentration vary based on the bone's overall function.
Compact bone, also called cortical bone, is the denser, stronger of the two types of bone tissue. It is found under the periosteum and in the diaphyses of long bones, where it provides support and protection. The microscopic structural unit of compact bone is called an osteon, or haversian system. Each osteon is composed of concentric rings of calcified...
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Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
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The Hyoid Bone01:12

The Hyoid Bone

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The hyoid bone is a small U-shaped bone located in the upper neck at the level of the inferior mandible, with its tips pointing posteriorly. It does not directly articulate with any other bone in the body. The hyoid acts as the attachment site for the tongue, the larynx, and the pharynx. It is held in position by a series of small muscles attached from above or below. These muscles help to move the hyoid up/down or forward/back in coordination with movements of the tongue, larynx, and pharynx...
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Bone Structure01:55

Bone Structure

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Within the skeletal system, the structure of a bone, or osseous tissue, can be exemplified in a long bone, like the femur, where there are two types of osseous tissue: cortical and cancellous.
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Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

40.3K
Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Updated: Jan 23, 2026

Modeling Primary Bone Tumors and Bone Metastasis with Solid Tumor Graft Implantation into Bone
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Modeling Primary Bone Tumors and Bone Metastasis with Solid Tumor Graft Implantation into Bone

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Malignant maxillofacial bone tumors.

Joseph Lopez1, Anthony P Tufaro2

  • 1Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland.

Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery
|June 21, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Malignant bone tumors in the head and neck are rare, leading to high patient mortality. Further research is needed to optimize treatment for these maxillofacial malignancies.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Head and Neck Surgery
  • Maxillofacial Surgery

Background:

  • Malignant bone tumors of the head and neck are uncommon.
  • Limited research contributes to high morbidity and mortality in patients with these maxillofacial malignancies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current epidemiology, pathogenesis, prognosis, and management of common bone malignancies in the maxillofacial skeleton.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on head and neck bone malignancies.

Main Results:

  • Current management involves wide surgical resection, radiotherapy, and/or chemotherapy.
  • Despite progress, large multicenter trials are essential for optimal treatment strategies.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding epidemiology, pathogenesis, prognosis, and management is crucial for improving outcomes.
  • Further research is needed to establish definitive treatment protocols for these rare tumors.