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Epidemiology of Serious Bacterial Infections in Infants Less Than 90 Days in a Military Health System Cohort

Nanda Ramchandar1, Sarah Gierhart2, Kathleen E Creppage2

  • 1From the Department of Pediatrics, Naval Hospital Camp Pendleton, Camp Pendleton, California, USA.

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|June 21, 2019
PubMed

Insights

The incidence of serious bacterial infections (SBIs) in infants under 3 months old decreased significantly from 2005 to 2015. Escherichia coli was the most common pathogen identified in these infections.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Serious bacterial infections (SBIs) in infants under 3 months pose management challenges.
  • Understanding SBI epidemiology is crucial for guiding clinical decisions.
  • Recent data suggest shifts in infection sources and pathogens.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the burden of SBIs in healthy infants less than 90 days old.
  • To analyze trends in SBI incidence over a decade.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of the Military Health System database (2005-2015).
  • Identified SBI cases in term infants (<90 days) with positive blood, urine, or cerebrospinal fluid cultures.
  • Excluded nonpathogenic isolates and chronic condition codes.

Main Results:

  • Overall SBI incidence was 3.1 cases per 1000 live births.
  • SBI rates declined from 5.0 to 2.0 cases per 1000 live births (2005-2015).
  • Escherichia coli was the predominant pathogen (51.3%).

Conclusions:

  • SBI incidence in infants has decreased over the study period.
  • No cases of Listeria monocytogenes were observed.
  • Findings inform management strategies for suspected bacterial infections in infants.
Abstract

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