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Related Concept Videos

RNA Splicing01:32

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Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
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Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
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Heating a crystalline solid increases the average energy of its atoms, molecules, or ions, and the solid gets hotter. At some point, the added energy becomes large enough to partially overcome the forces holding the molecules or ions of the solid in their fixed positions, and the solid begins the process of transitioning to the liquid state or melting. At this point, the temperature of the solid stops rising, despite the continual input of heat, and it remains constant until all of the solid is...
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Whether solid, liquid, or gas, a substance's state depends on the order and arrangement of its particles (atoms, molecules, or ions). Particles in the solid pack closely together, generally in a pattern. The particles vibrate about their fixed positions but do not move or squeeze past their neighbors. In liquids, although the particles are closely spaced, they are randomly arranged. The position of the particles are not fixed—that is, they are free to move past their neighbors to...
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Nucleosomes are the DNA-histone complex, where the DNA strand is wound around the histone core. The histone core is an octamer containing two copies of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 histone proteins.
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Detection of Alternative Splicing During Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
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Rearrangements within the U6 snRNA Core during the Transition between the Two Catalytic Steps of Splicing.

Katarzyna Eysmont1, Katarzyna Matylla-Kulińska1, Agata Jaskulska1

  • 1Laboratory of RNA Biology, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.

Molecular Cell
|June 24, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Mutations in yeast U6 small nuclear RNA (snRNA) reveal dynamic conformational changes in the spliceosome

Keywords:
Prp16U6 ISLcatalytic centercatalytic triplexspliceosome

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • RNA catalysis
  • Structural Biology

Background:

  • The spliceosome's RNA catalytic core is visualized by cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) and appears static.
  • Understanding the dynamic nature of RNA catalysis in splicing is crucial for comprehending gene expression regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of yeast U6 small nuclear RNA (snRNA) intramolecular stem-loop (ISL) in spliceosome catalytic step transitions.
  • To elucidate the dynamic conformational changes within the spliceosome's catalytic core during splicing.

Main Methods:

  • Site-directed mutagenesis of yeast U6 snRNA.
  • Analysis of spliceosome conformational changes between catalytic steps.
  • Comparative analysis of U6 snRNA ISL flexibility across eukaryotes.

Main Results:

  • Mutations in the U6 snRNA core alter conformational dynamics between the two catalytic steps of splicing.
  • The U6 snRNA ISL exists in two competing states: a default non-catalytic and a transient catalytic conformation.
  • Modulating the stability of U6 ISL interactions influences spliceosome catalytic activity and conformational transitions.

Conclusions:

  • The U6 snRNA ISL is a dynamic component of the spliceosome's catalytic center, not just the catalytic triplex.
  • The flexibility of the lower U6 ISL stem is conserved in eukaryotes, suggesting a general mechanism for spliceosome catalysis.
  • Similar structural features in U6atac and group II introns support the proposed dynamic catalytic mechanism.