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Network Analysis of the Default Mode Network Using Functional Connectivity MRI in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
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Brain default-mode network dysfunction in addiction.

Rui Zhang1, Nora D Volkow2

  • 1National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Laboratory of Neuroimaging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.

Neuroimage
|June 24, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Altered brain connectivity in the default mode network (DMN) is linked to substance use disorder (SUD). Targeting the DMN may offer new treatments for addiction by improving self-awareness and reducing relapse.

Keywords:
Dopaminergic dysfunctionInteroceptionMedial prefrontal cortexPosterior cingulate cortex /precuneusResting-state functional connectivity

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Addiction Research
  • Brain Imaging

Background:

  • Substance use disorder (SUD) is associated with abnormal brain functional connectivity, particularly within the default mode network (DMN).
  • The DMN plays a crucial role in self-referential thought, emotional regulation, and attention, all of which are disrupted in addiction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the aberrant resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) patterns within the DMN in individuals with SUD.
  • To explore the relationship between DMN disruptions and clinical outcomes, such as craving and relapse.
  • To evaluate the DMN as a potential therapeutic target for addiction treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) using neuroimaging techniques.
  • Comparison of DMN connectivity patterns between individuals with SUD and healthy controls.
  • Examination of DMN interactions with executive control and salience networks.

Main Results:

  • Addicted individuals exhibit decreased anterior DMN RSFC (involved in personal value and emotion regulation) and increased posterior DMN RSFC (involved in internal attention).
  • Disrupted DMN connectivity is associated with impaired self-awareness, negative emotions, rumination, and relapse.
  • Aberrant DMN interactions with executive control and salience networks are observed during different phases of the addiction cycle.

Conclusions:

  • DMN functional connectivity alterations are a significant feature of SUD.
  • DMN RSFC may serve as a biomarker for predicting treatment outcomes in SUD.
  • The DMN represents a promising target for novel addiction therapies.