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Relationship between immune response to pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in infants and indirect protection after

Ron Dagan1

  • 1a The Faculty of Health Sciences , Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , Beer-Sheva , Israel.

Expert Review of Vaccines
|June 25, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) reduce disease by lowering Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage in infants. Different PCV formulations impact this carriage reduction differently, influencing overall public health benefits.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Streptococcus pneumoniae causes significant global morbidity and mortality.
  • Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) have reduced disease incidence through direct and indirect protection.
  • Understanding PCV formulation impact on nasopharyngeal carriage is crucial for public health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review clinical evidence on the association between PCV immune response and nasopharyngeal carriage reduction in infants and toddlers.
  • To examine how PCV formulations influence vaccine-serotype carriage and transmission.
  • To describe the link between carriage reduction and decreased disease incidence in the community.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical evidence.
  • Analysis of immune responses to PCVs.
  • Comparison of data from current PCVs regarding carriage reduction of specific serotypes.

Main Results:

  • PCV immunization reduces vaccine-serotype pneumococcal carriage in infants and toddlers.
  • Carriage reduction contributes to decreased transmission and disease incidence in all age groups.
  • PCV formulations vary in their ability to reduce carriage of cross-reacting serotypes (e.g., 6A, 19A).

Conclusions:

  • PCV impact on public health is significantly mediated by their effect on nasopharyngeal carriage.
  • PCV formulations play a key role in determining the extent of carriage reduction and community protection.
  • Further understanding of PCV-carriage dynamics can optimize vaccination strategies.

Keywords:
nasopharyngeal colonizationpneumococcal conjugate vaccineserotype 19Aserotype 6A

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