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Lewis Acids and Bases02:33

Lewis Acids and Bases

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In 1923, G. N. Lewis proposed a generalized definition of acid-base behavior in which acids and bases are identified by their ability to accept or to donate a pair of electrons and form a coordinate covalent bond.
A coordinate covalent bond (or dative bond) occurs when one of the atoms in the bond provides both bonding electrons. For example, a coordinate covalent bond occurs when a water molecule combines with a hydrogen ion to form a hydronium ion. A coordinate covalent bond also results when...
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Lewis Acids and Bases02:16

Lewis Acids and Bases

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This lesson delves into Lewis acids and bases in the context of the octet rule for electron-deficient compounds. Here, the concept is discussed, emphasizing the group 13 elements like boron or aluminium. Since group 13 elements possess three valence electrons, they form trivalent compounds with a sextet of electrons and a vacant orbital for the central atom. Consequently, these electron-deficient compounds accept electrons from other species to complete their octet in a chemical reaction. They...
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Chemical bonds are complex interactions between two or more atoms or ions, which reduce the potential energy of the molecule. Gilbert N. Lewis developed a model called the Lewis model that simplified the depiction of chemical bond formation and provided straightforward explanations for the chemical bonds seen in most common compounds.
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Compared to ionic bonds, which results from the transfer of electrons between metallic and nonmetallic atoms, covalent bonds result from the mutual attraction of atoms for a “shared” pair of electrons.
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Lewis Structures of Molecular Compounds and Polyatomic Ions02:54

Lewis Structures of Molecular Compounds and Polyatomic Ions

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To draw Lewis structures for complicated molecules and molecular ions, it is helpful to follow a step-by-step procedure as outlined:
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Formation of Complex Ions03:45

Formation of Complex Ions

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A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
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Characterizing Lewis Pairs Using Titration Coupled with In Situ Infrared Spectroscopy
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Lewis base-complexed magnesium dithiolenes.

Yuzhong Wang1, Nirva A Maxi, Yaoming Xie

  • 1Department of Chemistry, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602-2556, USA. robinson@uga.edu.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|June 25, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers synthesized the first magnesium-based dithiolene compounds. These novel organomagnesium complexes were characterized using various techniques and computational methods.

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Area of Science:

  • Organometallic Chemistry
  • Inorganic Chemistry

Background:

  • Dithiolene ligands are versatile coordinating agents in inorganic and organometallic chemistry.
  • Magnesium complexes with dithiolene ligands have not been previously reported.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize the first magnesium-based dithiolene complexes.
  • To explore the reactivity of these novel magnesium compounds.

Main Methods:

  • Reaction of a lithium dithiolene radical with mesitylmagnesium bromide.
  • Complexation with N-heterocyclic carbenes.
  • Partial hydrolysis in polar solvents.
  • Spectroscopic characterization (NMR, UV-Vis, IR).
  • X-ray crystallography.
  • Density Functional Theory (DFT) computations.

Main Results:

  • The first magnesium dithiolene (2) was successfully synthesized.
  • A carbene-stabilized magnesium monodithiolene complex (3) was formed.
  • Complex 3 was converted to a magnesium bis-dithiolene dianion (4) via hydrolysis.
  • Compounds 2, 3, and 4 were fully characterized, confirming their structures and properties.
  • DFT calculations provided insights into their electronic structures.

Conclusions:

  • This study reports the first successful synthesis and characterization of magnesium-based dithiolene complexes.
  • The findings expand the known coordination chemistry of magnesium with dithiolene ligands.
  • The novel complexes exhibit interesting structural and electronic properties, paving the way for further research.