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Recurrent Acute Septic Arthritis Caused by Kingella kingae in a 16-Month-Old Boy

Anais Chosidow1, Stéphane Bonacorsi2, Didier Moissenet3

  • 1From the Department of Pediatrics, Armand Trousseau Hospital (AP-HP), Paris, France.

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|June 25, 2019
PubMed

Insights

This study reports the first case of two consecutive septic knee infections in a toddler caused by the same Kingella kingae strain. Both episodes followed viral upper respiratory infections, highlighting a potential link.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric infectious diseases
  • Bacterial pathogenesis
  • Arthritis research

Background:

  • Septic arthritis is a serious joint infection requiring prompt treatment.
  • Kingella kingae is an emerging cause of septic arthritis in young children.
  • Recurrent septic arthritis is uncommon, especially from the same pathogen.

Observation:

  • A 16-month-old boy experienced two separate acute septic arthritis episodes in both knees.
  • Both infections were caused by the identical virulent strain of Kingella kingae (sequence type complex 14).
  • Each septic arthritis episode followed a viral upper respiratory tract infection.

Findings:

  • This is the first documented instance of two consecutive septic knee infections by the same Kingella kingae strain.
  • The findings suggest Kingella kingae can cause recurrent infections in susceptible hosts.
  • The association with preceding viral infections warrants further investigation.

Implications:

  • Highlights the potential for recurrent Kingella kingae septic arthritis.
  • Suggests a possible role for preceding viral infections in susceptibility.
  • Emphasizes the need for vigilance in diagnosing and managing pediatric septic arthritis, even after initial recovery.

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