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The osteoclast, a target cell for microorganisms.

Brigitte Raynaud-Messina1, Christel Verollet1, Isabelle Maridonneau-Parini1

  • 1Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale, IPBS, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France; International Associated Laboratory (LIA) CNRS "IM-TB/HIV" (1167), Toulouse, France; International Associated Laboratory (LIA) CNRS "IM-TB/HIV" (1167), Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Bone
|June 25, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Pathogens infect osteoclasts (OCs), immune cells crucial for bone health. This interaction enhances bone resorption, leading to defects and offering new therapeutic targets for bone infections.

Keywords:
BacteriaBone defectsInnate immunityOsteoclastsViruses

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Microbiology
  • Bone Biology

Background:

  • Bone homeostasis is disrupted by infections, often following surgery or systemic spread.
  • Osteoclasts (OCs), responsible for bone resorption, are increasingly recognized as targets for pathogens.
  • Pathogens exploit OCs, leading to significant bone defects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review bacteria and viruses that infect OCs.
  • To summarize current knowledge on pathogen-OC interactions.
  • To highlight OCs as a novel cellular target for pathogens.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of scientific articles.
  • Inventory of identified pathogens infecting OCs.
  • Analysis of existing research on pathogen-OC interactions.

Main Results:

  • Numerous bacteria and viruses have been identified as OC infectors.
  • Most microorganisms increase the bone resorption activity of OCs.
  • Pathogen interactions with OCs are not fully understood, particularly in vivo.

Conclusions:

  • Osteoclasts (OCs) are a new and significant cellular target for pathogens.
  • Further research is needed to validate OCs as in vivo hosts and elucidate mechanisms of altered bone resorption.
  • This emerging field offers potential for novel therapeutic strategies against bone infections.