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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Science
  • Public Health
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Recreational electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use is prevalent among college students.
  • Understanding the determinants of e-cigarette use is crucial for developing effective prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate an instrument measuring recreational e-cigarette use among college students.
  • To apply the reasoned action approach (RAA) to understand behavioral intentions.

Main Methods:

  • A multi-phase, cross-sectional design was used.
  • Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were employed for instrument validation.
  • Exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) and SEM tested the RAA constructs.

Main Results:

  • A 23-item measure identified three RAA constructs: intention, attitude, and social norms.
  • A five-factor solution demonstrated that attitudes (β = .35) and social norms (β = .50) significantly predicted intention to use e-cigarettes.
  • Social norms encompassed both injunctive and descriptive components.

Conclusions:

  • Attitudes and social norms are significant predictors of college students' intention to use e-cigarettes.
  • Health education messaging and prevention programs should target attitudes and social norms.
  • The validated instrument can be used to assess e-cigarette use intentions in this population.