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Area of Science:

  • Aquatic Ecology
  • Environmental DNA (eDNA) Analysis
  • Invasive Species Management

Background:

  • Environmental DNA (eDNA) is a valuable tool for surveying aquatic ecosystems, but its relationship with fish density in rivers is not well understood.
  • Accurate quantification of invasive species like Silver Carp is crucial for effective management strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between Silver Carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) density and eDNA concentration in a large river system.
  • To determine if eDNA detection rates and concentrations can be used to estimate Silver Carp abundance.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted hydroacoustic surveys to quantify Silver Carp numerical and biomass density across 460 km of the Illinois River at 23 sites.
  • Collected 192 surface water samples for environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis concurrently with fish density surveys.

Main Results:

  • A positive, non-linear relationship was observed between Silver Carp density (numerical and biomass) and eDNA concentration (copy number).
  • Both eDNA concentration and detection rate increased with Silver Carp density but plateaued at moderate densities.
  • The findings suggest eDNA can be used to estimate relative abundance, particularly in low to moderate density populations.

Conclusions:

  • Environmental DNA (eDNA) concentration and detection rates are related to Silver Carp density in rivers, though the relationship is non-linear.
  • This technique shows promise for estimating invasive fish abundance in newly colonized areas.
  • Further research into the causes of the non-linear relationship will enhance aquatic monitoring and management programs.