Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Interference and Diffraction02:18

Interference and Diffraction

51.9K
Interference is a characteristic phenomenon exhibited by waves. When two electromagnetic waves interact with their peaks and troughs coinciding, a resulting wave with enhanced amplitude is produced. This is known as constructive interference. In this case, the two waves interacting are in phase with each other.
51.9K
Overview of Electron Microscopy01:25

Overview of Electron Microscopy

13.4K
The wavelengths of visible light ultimately limit the maximum theoretical resolution of images created by light microscopes. Most light microscopes can only magnify 1000X, and a few can magnify up to 1500X. Electrons, like electromagnetic radiation, can behave like waves, but with wavelengths of 0.005 nm, they produce significantly greater resolution up to 0.05 nm as compared to 500 nm for visible light. An electron microscope (EM) can create a sharp image that is magnified up to 2,000,000X.
13.4K
Scanning Electron Microscopy01:07

Scanning Electron Microscopy

5.4K
A scanning electron microscope (SEM) is used to study the surface features of a sample by using an electron beam that scans the sample surface in a two-dimensional manner. Typically, areas between ~1 centimeter to 5 micrometers in width can be imaged. SEM can be used to image bacteria, viruses, tissues as well as larger samples like insects. Conventional SEM gives a magnification ranging from 20X to 30,000X and spatial resolution of 50 to 100 nanometers.
Fundamental Principles
Accelerated...
5.4K
Transmission Electron Microscopy01:15

Transmission Electron Microscopy

6.9K
In 1931, physicist Ernst Ruska—building on the idea that magnetic fields can direct an electron beam just as lenses can direct a beam of light in an optical microscope—developed the first prototype of the electron microscope. This development led to the development of the field of electron microscopy. In the transmission electron microscope (TEM), electrons are produced by a hot tungsten element and accelerated by a potential difference in an electron gun, which gives them up to 400...
6.9K
Immunogold Electron Microscopy01:20

Immunogold Electron Microscopy

5.4K
Immunoelectron microscopy utilizes immunogold labeling of endogenous proteins with specific antibodies to detect and localize these proteins in cells and tissues. The procedure provides insights into the distribution and quantification of protein under different stimulation conditions offering clues about their functions. Conjugating highly electron-dense gold particles with primary or secondary antibodies allow antigen detection on and within cells, with high resolution and specificity.
5.4K
Cryo-electron Microscopy01:28

Cryo-electron Microscopy

4.2K
Conventional electron microscopy (EM) involves dehydration, fixation, and staining of biological samples, which distorts the native state of biological molecules and results in several artifacts. Also, the high-energy electron beam damages the sample and makes it difficult to obtain high-resolution images. These issues can be addressed using cryo-EM, which uses frozen samples and gentler electron beams. The technique was developed by Jacques Dubochet, Joachim Frank, and Richard Henderson, for...
4.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Standards for vision science librarians: 2026 review and revisions.

Journal of the Medical Library Association : JMLA·2026
Same author

Sapphire-Supported Ta-Pt Thin Films for Electrochemical Studies under Hydrothermal Conditions.

ACS omega·2026
Same author

Distress, Discomfort and Moral Injury: Emergency Department Clinicians Experiences Caring for People With a Psychosocial Disability and a National Disability Insurance Scheme Plan.

International journal of mental health nursing·2026
Same author

Peer-Led Models Focussed on Emotional Distress and Suicide Prevention: A Scoping Review.

International journal of environmental research and public health·2026
Same author

How Micronutrient Status May Affect Eating Behavior-Hypothesis and Perspectives.

Nutrients·2026
Same author

Defect-engineered competition between exciton annihilation and trapping in MOCVD WS<sub>2</sub>.

Chemical science·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 23, 2026

Preparation of Graphene-Supported Microwell Liquid Cells for In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy
08:30

Preparation of Graphene-Supported Microwell Liquid Cells for In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy

Published on: July 15, 2019

10.6K

High flow rate nanofluidics for in-liquid electron microscopy and diffraction.

Ariel A Petruk1, Caroline Allen1, Nicolás Rivas1

  • 1The Ultrafast electron Imaging Lab (UeIL), Department of Chemistry and Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology (WIN), University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave. W., N2L 3G1, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.

Nanotechnology
|June 27, 2019
PubMed
Summary

We developed a novel nanofluidic cell (NFC) platform for advanced liquid-phase electron microscopy, enabling femtosecond electron diffraction (FED) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with high sample throughput.

More Related Videos

Studying the Effects of Temperature on the Nucleation and Growth of Nanoparticles by Liquid-Cell Transmission Electron Microscopy
07:02

Studying the Effects of Temperature on the Nucleation and Growth of Nanoparticles by Liquid-Cell Transmission Electron Microscopy

Published on: February 17, 2021

4.6K
Microcrystal Electron Diffraction of Small Molecules
09:48

Microcrystal Electron Diffraction of Small Molecules

Published on: March 15, 2021

7.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 23, 2026

Preparation of Graphene-Supported Microwell Liquid Cells for In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy
08:30

Preparation of Graphene-Supported Microwell Liquid Cells for In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy

Published on: July 15, 2019

10.6K
Studying the Effects of Temperature on the Nucleation and Growth of Nanoparticles by Liquid-Cell Transmission Electron Microscopy
07:02

Studying the Effects of Temperature on the Nucleation and Growth of Nanoparticles by Liquid-Cell Transmission Electron Microscopy

Published on: February 17, 2021

4.6K
Microcrystal Electron Diffraction of Small Molecules
09:48

Microcrystal Electron Diffraction of Small Molecules

Published on: March 15, 2021

7.2K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Electron microscopy techniques like FED and TEM traditionally require vacuum environments, limiting their application to solid or gas phases.
  • Studying dynamic processes in liquids at the nanoscale necessitates specialized sample environments that can maintain liquid integrity under electron beam irradiation.
  • Existing sample holders often face limitations in sample turnover rates and membrane durability, hindering high-speed measurements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel nanofluidic cell (NFC) platform designed for in-liquid femtosecond electron diffraction (FED) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
  • To enable high-throughput liquid sample analysis by achieving sample refreshing rates exceeding one kilohertz.
  • To overcome the challenges of electron scattering in liquids by minimizing beam path lengths and utilizing ultrathin window materials.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a nanofluidic cell (NFC) with tunable beam paths (50 nm to 10 μm).
  • Integration of ultrathin stoichiometric silicon nitride (Si3N4) membranes (as thin as 20 nm) for electron transparency and reduced bulging.
  • Design enabling sample refreshing rates over one kilohertz for high-throughput experiments.
  • Utilizing Si3N4 membranes for UV-vis-NIR transparency to allow laser excitation for FED.

Main Results:

  • Demonstration of an NFC system capable of supporting both FED and TEM measurements in liquid samples.
  • Achieved high sample refreshing rates (>1 kHz), crucial for dynamic FED studies.
  • Fabricated NFCs with ultrathin Si3N4 windows (20 nm) to minimize electron scattering.
  • Presented preliminary 200 kV scanning TEM images of in-liquid specimens.

Conclusions:

  • The developed NFC platform provides a robust solution for in-liquid electron microscopy and diffraction studies.
  • The design facilitates high-speed measurements and opens new avenues for investigating liquid-phase dynamics.
  • The use of ultrathin Si3N4 membranes enhances electron transparency and sample stability.