Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 23, 2026
06:58
Real-time Tracking of DNA Fragment Separation by Smartphone
Published on: June 1, 2017
15.3K
Real-time Precise Point Positioning with a Xiaomi MI 8 Android Smartphone
Bo Chen1, Chengfa Gao2, Yongsheng Liu3
1School of Transportation, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China. 220172986@seu.edu.cn.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 28, 2019
Summary
This study explores precise point positioning (PPP) for smartphones without reference stations. A modified PPP method using multi-GNSS data on the Xiaomi MI 8 achieved average horizontal and vertical errors of 0.81m and 1.65m, respectively.
Area of Science:
- Geomatics Engineering
- Satellite Navigation
- Mobile Sensing
Background:
- Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) positioning is increasingly integrated into smartphones for widespread applications.
- The Xiaomi MI 8, a dual-frequency GNSS smartphone, signifies advancements in mobile GNSS technology.
- Accurate real-time smartphone positioning without external reference stations remains a challenge.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the optimal real-time Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) positioning performance achievable with smartphones.
- To address the challenge of non-fixed differences between pseudorange and carrier phase observations in smartphone GNSS measurements.
- To evaluate a modified precise point positioning (PPP) strategy for real-time smartphone applications.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of raw GNSS measurements from multiple smartphones, including the Xiaomi MI 8.
- Modification of the precise point positioning (PPP) algorithm to account for observed pseudorange and carrier phase discrepancies.
- Implementation and testing of a real-time PPP strategy estimating dual clock biases on the Xiaomi MI 8.
Main Results:
- Observed non-fixed differences between pseudorange and carrier phase observations across tested smartphones.
- The modified real-time PPP strategy utilizing multi-GNSS (GPS, BDS, Galileo) data on the Xiaomi MI 8.
- Achieved average Root Mean Square (RMS) positioning errors of 0.81 m (horizontal) and 1.65 m (vertical).
- Real-time positioning errors in North and East directions fell below 1 m within 30 seconds.
Conclusions:
- Multi-GNSS data significantly enhances smartphone positioning performance in real-time PPP.
- The modified PPP method effectively mitigates issues with pseudorange and carrier phase observations.
- Smartphone-based real-time PPP offers promising accuracy for mass-market applications.
Related Concept Videos
02:57Real Time RT-PCR
64.8K
Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, or Real-time RT-PCR, is an analytical tool used to determine the expression level of target genes. The method involves converting mRNA to complementary DNA with the help of an enzyme known as reverse transcriptase, followed by the PCR amplification of the cDNA. These two processes can be performed simultaneously in a single tube or separately as a two-step reaction.
The real-time quantification of the number of amplified products is...
The real-time quantification of the number of amplified products is...
64.8K
03:37Uncertainty in Measurement: Accuracy and Precision
100.3K
Scientists typically make repeated measurements of a quantity to ensure the quality of their findings and to evaluate both the precision and the accuracy of their results. Measurements are said to be precise if they yield very similar results when repeated in the same manner. A measurement is considered accurate if it yields a result that is very close to the true or the accepted value. Precise values agree with each other; accurate values agree with a true value.
100.3K
02:32Position-effect Variegation
7.0K
In 1928, a German botanist Emil Heitz observed the moss nuclei with a DNA binding dye. He observed that while some chromatin regions decondense and spread out in the interphase nucleus, others do not. He termed them euchromatin and heterochromatin, respectively. He proposed that the heterochromatin regions reflect a functionally inactive state of the genome. It was later confirmed that heterochromatin is transcriptionally repressed, and euchromatin is transcriptionally active chromatin.
7.0K
01:52Accuracy and Precision
14.5K
Scientists typically make repeated measurements of a quantity to ensure the quality of their findings and to evaluate both the precision and the accuracy of their results. Measurements are said to be precise if they yield very similar results when repeated in the same manner. A measurement is considered accurate if it yields a result that is very close to the true or the accepted value. Precise values agree with each other; accurate values agree with a true value. Highly accurate...
14.5K
01:31Position and Displacement
24.9K
The position of an object defines its location relative to a convenient frame of reference at any particular time. A frame of reference is an arbitrary set of axes from which the position and motion of an object are described. Earth is often used as a frame of reference, and we often describe the position of an object as it relates to stationary objects on Earth. For example, a rocket launch could be described in terms of the position of the rocket with respect to Earth as a whole. On the other...
24.9K
01:03Serial Position Effect
531
The serial position effect is a cognitive phenomenon where individuals are more likely to recall the first and last items in a list compared to those in the middle. This effect is divided into the primacy effect and the recency effect. The primacy effect is observed when the initial items in a list are remembered better. This occurs because these items are rehearsed more frequently or receive more elaborative processing, allowing them to be encoded into long-term memory more effectively. For...
531