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Understanding the cognitive miser: Cue-utilization in effort-based decision making.

Timothy L Dunn1, Evan F Risko2

  • 1Warfighter Performance Department, Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA, USA; Leidos Inc., San Diego, CA, USA.

Acta Psychologica
|June 29, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

People adjust their behavior based on how mentally demanding a task is. This study shows effort-based decisions rely on available cues, not just time or executive control demands.

Keywords:
Cue-utilizationDecision-makingEffort avoidanceMetacognitionPerceived effort

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Decision-Making Science

Background:

  • The concept that cognitive effort influences behavior is widely accepted in psychology.
  • Understanding how individuals assess and respond to cognitive effort is crucial for explaining behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test a cue-utilization account of effort-based decision-making.
  • To investigate whether effort-based decisions are driven by perceived effort cues or by objective task demands like time costs and executive control.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a modified demand selection task (DST) specifically designed for effort-based decision-making.
  • Manipulated time costs, executive control demands, and the presence of an effort cue.

Main Results:

  • Effort-based decisions were found to be dissociable from objective time costs.
  • Effort-based decisions were also dissociable from demands on executive control.
  • Decision-making aligned with predictions of a cue-utilization model.

Conclusions:

  • Individuals' effort-based decisions are primarily guided by available effort cues, rather than solely by the objective costs of time or executive control.
  • This suggests a distinct mechanism for evaluating and selecting effortful actions based on perceived, rather than purely objective, task characteristics.