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Elements are classified as atomic or molecular based on the nature of their basic units. They are unique forms of matter with specific chemical and physical properties that cannot break down into smaller substances by ordinary chemical reactions. There...
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The periodic table arranges atoms based on increasing atomic number so that elements with the same chemical properties recur periodically. When their electron configurations are added to the table, a periodic recurrence of similar electron configurations in the outer shells of these elements is observed. Because they are in the outer shells of an atom, valence electrons play the most important role in chemical reactions. The outer electrons have the highest energy of the electrons in an atom...
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A chemical symbol is an abbreviation used to indicate an element or an atom of an element. For example, the symbol for mercury is Hg. The same symbol is used to indicate one atom of mercury (microscopic domain) or to label a container of many atoms of the element mercury (macroscopic domain).
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Optical Planar Waveguide Sensor with Integrated Digitally-Printed Light Coupling-in and Readout Elements.

Jorge Alamán1,2, María López-Valdeolivas1, Raquel Alicante1

  • 1Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón (ICMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.

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This study presents an inkjet-printed optical planar waveguide temperature sensor. It uses luminescent elements for light coupling and readout, enabling compact and versatile sensing platforms for various applications.

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flexible sensorsinkjet printingintegrated optical planar waveguide sensorsliquid crystalline thermoresponsive materialsluminescent materialsorganic-inorganic hybrid materials

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics and Sensor Technology
  • Materials Science and Engineering

Background:

  • Optical planar waveguide sensors offer fast, cost-effective, and remote detection capabilities.
  • Integration of sensing networks with optical elements in planar waveguides is crucial for compact platforms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an optical temperature sensor utilizing a planar waveguide architecture.
  • To integrate inkjet-printed luminescent elements for light coupling and readout.

Main Methods:

  • Designed a planar waveguide sensor with inkjet-printed luminescent light coupling-in and readout elements.
  • Employed a thermoresponsive liquid crystal film to regulate light coupling out.
  • Utilized luminescence intensity measurements for temperature readout.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated remote excitation of the luminescent light coupling-in element without special alignment.
  • Showcased the second luminescent element's ability to emit at longer wavelengths for temperature sensing.
  • Validated the potential of inkjet printing for integrating optical components.

Conclusions:

  • Inkjet printing enables digital fabrication of luminescent elements for optical sensors.
  • The developed sensor architecture shows promise for miniaturized and integrated sensing platforms.
  • This technology has broad applicability in security, health, and environmental monitoring.