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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Materials Science
    • Nanotechnology

    Background:

    • Designing reconfigurable metasurfaces for dynamic electromagnetic wave control is challenging due to static material properties.
    • Phase change materials (PCMs) offer high-contrast refractive index modulation, making them suitable for reconfigurable metasurfaces.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and design a hybrid metasurface capable of arbitrary complex amplitude modulation of light.
    • To achieve full 2π phase coverage with uniform amplitude using composite concentric rings (CCRs).

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized composite concentric rings (CCRs) with varying ratios of gold and phase change materials (PCMs).
    • Employed vanadium oxide (VO2) as the PCM, enabling thermal switching between amorphous and crystalline states.
    • Demonstrated bi-functionality for beam splitting and vortex beam generation.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved arbitrary modulation of complex amplitude with uniform amplitude and full 2π phase coverage.
    • Designed metasurface exhibits bi-functional capabilities: beam splitting and vortex beam generation via thermal switching of VO2.
    • The metadevice is suitable for integration into low-loss photonic circuits with an ultra-small footprint.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed hybrid metasurface offers a novel paradigm for active beam control in photonic devices.
    • Potential applications include signal processing, memory storage, holography, and anti-counterfeiting.
    • This work advances the development of reconfigurable optical devices for next-generation technologies.