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miRNAs emerge as circulating biomarkers of post-myocardial infarction heart failure

Marina Sampaio Cruz1, Ananília Medeiros Gomes da Silva1, Karla Simone Costa de Souza1

  • 1Department of Clinical and Toxicology Analysis, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.

Heart Failure Reviews
|June 30, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) show promise as non-invasive biomarkers for heart failure (HF) following myocardial infarction (MI). This review identifies key miRNAs in blood samples for potential early diagnosis and monitoring of ischemic HF.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology and Molecular Biology
  • Biomarker Discovery
  • Genomics and RNA Biology

Background:

  • Heart failure (HF) is a major clinical syndrome often resulting from myocardial infarction (MI), the leading cause of cardiovascular disease.
  • Current diagnostic methods for ischemic HF rely on clinical evaluation, as existing biomarkers are costly, lack specificity, and are unsuitable for early detection.
  • Late diagnosis of HF is common, with only about 25% of symptoms appearing post-MI, highlighting the need for improved diagnostic tools.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) found in plasma, serum, and whole blood of patients with post-myocardial infarction heart failure.
  • To explore the potential of these circulating miRNAs as non-invasive biomarkers for the development, monitoring, and prognosis of ischemic HF.
  • To propose potential therapeutic targets and future applications of miRNAs in HF diagnostics.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive review of 19 experimental human studies was conducted.
  • The studies investigated the association between circulating miRNAs and the pathophysiology, progression, or outcomes of ischemic heart failure.
  • Data synthesis focused on identifying miRNAs relevant to post-MI HF patients.

Main Results:

  • Circulating miRNAs are implicated in the regulation of pathophysiological processes underlying heart failure after myocardial infarction.
  • Specific miRNAs detected in blood samples (plasma, serum, whole blood) are associated with post-MI HF.
  • These findings suggest a role for miRNAs in the development, monitoring, and prognosis of ischemic heart failure.

Conclusions:

  • Circulating miRNAs represent promising non-invasive biomarkers for early diagnosis and management of heart failure.
  • Further research into specific miRNAs could lead to novel therapeutic strategies and improved patient outcomes for ischemic heart failure.
  • miRNAs offer a potential advancement over current diagnostic methods for heart failure.

Keywords:
BiomarkerHeart failureMyocardial infarctionmiRNA

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