Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 22, 2026

Measuring the Functional Abilities of Children Aged 3-6 Years Old with Observational Methods and Computer Tools
11:29

Measuring the Functional Abilities of Children Aged 3-6 Years Old with Observational Methods and Computer Tools

Published on: June 20, 2020

9.7K

A Randomized Clinical Trial of Immediate Versus Delayed Glasses for Moderate Hyperopia in Children 3 to 5 Years of

Jonathan M Holmes1, Marjean T Kulp2, Trevano W Dean3

  • 1Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.

American Journal of Ophthalmology
|July 1, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Early glasses for moderate hyperopia in young children showed no significant difference in visual acuity or binocularity outcomes compared to observation. Low failure rates suggest immediate prescription may not be necessary to prevent vision problems.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pediatric Optometry

Background:

  • Moderate hyperopia in young children can impact visual development.
  • Early intervention strategies for hyperopia include glasses prescription or observation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare visual acuity (VA) and binocularity outcomes in children with moderate hyperopia.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of immediate glasses prescription versus observation in preventing vision deterioration.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective randomized clinical trial (RCT) involving 119 children aged 3-5 years with hyperopia (+3.00D to +6.00D).
  • Children were randomly assigned to receive glasses or observation, with glasses prescribed later if vision deteriorated.
  • Outcomes were assessed over 3 years, defining 'failure' as subnormal VA, stereoacuity, or manifest strabismus.

Main Results:

  • Failure rates were low and similar between groups: 12% for glasses and 9% for observation.
  • No significant difference was found in VA or binocularity outcomes between the two groups.
  • Deterioration requiring glasses occurred in 29% of the glasses group and 27% of the observation group.

Conclusions:

  • In moderately hyperopic children with normal initial VA and binocularity, failure rates were uncommon regardless of early glasses prescription.
  • Due to insufficient enrollment and retention, the study could not definitively determine if immediate glasses reduce failure rates.
  • Low failure rates suggest that immediate glasses prescription may not be essential for preventing VA or binocularity issues in this population.
Abstract

More Related Videos

Classical Short-Delay Eyeblink Conditioning in One-Year-Old Children07:36

Classical Short-Delay Eyeblink Conditioning in One-Year-Old Children

Published on: September 1, 2018

39.8K
In Silico Clinical Trials for Cardiovascular Disease09:09

In Silico Clinical Trials for Cardiovascular Disease

Published on: May 27, 2022

2.2K

Related Concept Videos

Clinical Trials01:16

Clinical Trials

Clinical trials are prospective experimental studies conducted on humans to determine the safety and efficacy of treatments, drugs, diet methods, and medical devices. Using statistics in clinical trials enables researchers to derive reasonable and accurate conclusions from the collected data, allowing them to make wise decisions in uncertain situations. In medical research, statistical methods are crucial for preventing errors and bias.
There are four phases in a clinical trial. A phase one...
10.2K
Clinical Trials: Overview01:11

Clinical Trials: Overview

Clinical development focuses on how the drug will interact with the human body and encompasses four key phases of clinical trials, each serving a specific purpose in assessing the safety and effectiveness of new drugs. These phases overlap and build upon one another. Phase I involves a small group of healthy volunteers (typically 20-80 individuals) or, in cases where significant toxicity is expected, patients with the targeted disease, such as cancer or AIDS. The volunteers are tested for...
4.6K
Statistical Software for Data Analysis and Clinical Trials01:12

Statistical Software for Data Analysis and Clinical Trials

Statistical software is pivotal in data analysis and clinical trials by providing tools to analyze data, draw conclusions, and make predictions. These software packages range from simple data management applications to complex analytical platforms, supporting various statistical tests, models, and simulation techniques. Their significance lies in their ability to handle vast amounts of data with precision and efficiency, enabling researchers to validate hypotheses, identify trends, and make...
1.4K
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists01:27

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists

5-HT3 receptor antagonists, such as dolasetron, granisetron (Kytril), ondansetron (Zofran), and palonosetron (Axoli), are crucial in managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and postoperative nausea. These drugs selectively block 5-HT3 receptors in the visceral vagal and spinal afferent nerves, chemoreceptor trigger zone, and the vomiting center. They have a rapid onset of action and can be given as a single dose before chemotherapy. Ondansetron and granisetron, in particular,...
612
The Looking Glass Self01:28

The Looking Glass Self

The concept of the looking-glass self describes how an individual's self-concept is shaped by their perception of how others see them. This psychological theory, first introduced by sociologist Charles Horton Cooley in 1902, posits that self-identity emerges in a social context and is influenced by the judgments—real or imagined—of others.Research suggests that individuals frequently overestimate how positively others perceive them. This is particularly evident in physical...
304
Trial and Error and Algorithm01:12

Trial and Error and Algorithm

A problem-solving strategy is a plan of action used to find a solution. Different strategies have distinct action plans. Trial and error involves trying different solutions until one works. For instance, to fix a broken printer, you might check ink levels, ensure the paper tray isn't jammed, and verify the printer's connection to your laptop. This method can be time-consuming but is commonly used. Thomas Edison, for example, used trial and error to find a suitable filament for the light...
399