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Snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus): potential distribution and its implication for conservation.

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Conservation efforts for endangered primates like Rhinopithecus can be improved by considering historical distribution data. This helps identify suitable habitats for restoring populations and expanding protected areas.

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ConservationHistorical distributionMaxentRhinopithecusSnub-nosed monkeySpecies distribution modelling

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Conservation Biology
  • Biogeography

Background:

  • Threatened species often experience range contractions, leading to fragmented populations.
  • Effective conservation requires identifying and restoring suitable habitats beyond current ranges.
  • Species distribution models (SDMs) are crucial tools for conservation planning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify key environmental variables predicting Rhinopithecus distribution.
  • To assess the extent of anthropogenic niche truncation for Rhinopithecus.
  • To predict the potential distribution of Rhinopithecus, incorporating historical data.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized maximum entropy modelling (Maxent) and bioclimatic envelope modelling.
  • Incorporated current and historical distribution data for Rhinopithecus.
  • Included environmental and anthropogenic variables, and protected area locations.

Main Results:

  • Mean temperature of coldest/warmest quarter and precipitation variables best explained Rhinopithecus distribution.
  • Historical distribution data indicated warmer, wetter, and lower-elevation habitats than current ranges, suggesting niche truncation.
  • Suitable climatic areas within Chinese protected areas range from 305,800–319,325 km², with significant tree cover.

Conclusions:

  • Historical data significantly expands predicted suitable habitat for Rhinopithecus (72–89% increase).
  • Conservation strategies must consider historical distributions for accurate habitat assessment and restoration potential.
  • There is substantial potential for Rhinopithecus restoration within its former range, particularly in protected areas.