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Influence of Hyperoxic-Supplemented High-Intensity Interval Training on Hemotological and Muscle Mitochondrial
D A Cardinale1, F J Larsen1, J Lännerström1
1Åstrand Laboratory, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden.
Frontiers in Physiology
|July 2, 2019
Summary
Hyperoxic high-intensity interval training (HIIT) provided minimal cycling performance gains in trained athletes. This improvement was not linked to changes in VO2max, blood volume, or mitochondrial function, leaving the mechanisms unclear.
Area of Science:
- Exercise Physiology
- Sports Science
- Human Performance
Background:
- Hyperoxia (HYPER) enhances oxygen delivery, potentially improving exercise capacity and endurance compared to normoxia (NORM).
- Previous research suggests HYPER benefits lactate metabolism and power output.
- The hypothesis is that hyperoxic-supplemented high-intensity interval training (HIIT) enhances mitochondrial oxidative capacity and cycling performance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of 6-week hyperoxic-supplemented HIIT on endurance cycling performance and muscle adaptations in trained cyclists.
- To compare the impact of training under hyperoxic versus normoxic conditions on physiological markers and performance outcomes.
Main Methods:
- 23 trained cyclists underwent 6 weeks of polarized endurance training, including 3 weekly HIIT sessions.
- Participants were randomly assigned to breathe either 30% oxygen (HYPER) or 21% oxygen (NORM) during HIIT sessions.
- Measurements included mitochondrial respiration, VO2max, hematological parameters, and self-paced cycling performance, assessed pre- and post-intervention.
Main Results:
- Hyperoxic training resulted in a small, non-significant improvement in cycling performance (6.0%) compared to normoxic training (2.4%).
- No significant differences were observed between groups in changes to VO2max, blood volume, hemoglobin mass, or mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation capacity.
- The observed performance enhancement in the hyperoxia group was not explained by the measured physiological adaptations.
Conclusions:
- Six weeks of hyperoxic-supplemented HIIT yielded marginal gains in cycling performance for trained cyclists, without significant improvements in VO2max or mitochondrial function.
- The underlying mechanisms responsible for the performance benefits of hyperoxia training remain unidentified.
- The findings suggest potential ethical considerations for elite sports regarding the use of hyperoxia.
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