Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 22, 2026

Breathing-controlled Electrical Stimulation BreEStim for Management of Neuropathic Pain and Spasticity
Published on: January 10, 2013
An Exploratory Electrical Stimulation Protocol in the Management of an Infant With Spina Bifida: A Case Report
Gerti Motavalli1, Jan J McElroy2, Gad Alon3
1Columbia, MO, USA.
Abstract:
An infant with myelomeningocele and underdevelopment of the thoracic spinal cord was treated with 2 protocols of electrical stimulation: functional electrical stimulation and transcutaneous spinal cord electrical stimulation. The protocols were incorporated into the infant's outpatient early intervention home programs. Prior to initiation of electrical stimulation treatment at age 6 months, the infant exhibited complete loss of sensation below the level of T8 and muscular paralysis below the level of T10. The unexpected emergence of somatosensory responses and spontaneous movements in the trunk and lower extremities are described, focusing on the electrical stimulation protocols. Spinal cord electrical stimulation protocols were not previously described in the medical literature regarding the management of children with spina bifida. Both functional and spinal cord electrical stimulation protocols used with this infant proved safe and well tolerated. The experience gained over 12 months of treatment is the subject of this case report.
Related Concept Videos
Data Reporting and Recording
Types of Reports I: Hands-off Report
Following are the key components and categories of hand-off reports:
Purpose and Process:
Drug Dosing: Infants and Children
Types of Reports II: Incident or Occurrence Report
Purposes:
In the healthcare industry, reports play a crucial role in documenting incidents within an agency. The primary objective of these reports is to ensure patient safety, uphold the...
Determining Electric Field From Electric Potential
In general, regardless of whether the electric field is uniform, it points in the direction of decreasing potential because the force on a positive...
Finding Electric Potential From Electric Field

